Impact of torrefaction on properties of Miscanthus×giganteus relevant to gasification

Xue, Gang; Kwapińska, Marzena; Kwapiński, Witold; Czajka, Krzysztof; Kennedy, James E.

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2013.12.022

Cited by 102 publications

(114 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…One of the recognized strategies for improving these properties is torrefaction. Torrefaction is a mild thermochemical process conducted in oxygen-free environments at temperatures ranging from 200 to 300 °C (Bridgeman et al 2010, Chen and Kuo 2010, Ibrahim et al 2013, Phanphanich and Mani 2011, Xue et al 2014. In this range of temperatures, in addition to moisture and volatiles release, degradation of hemicelluloses occurs, while cellulose is subjected to dehydration and both cellulose and lignin are subjected to partial depolymerization (da Silva Grassmann et al 2016, Pelaez-Samaniego et al 2013.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of torrefaction temperature on properties of Patula pine

Ramos-Carmona

Pérez

Peláez-Samaniego

et al. 2017

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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The objective of this work was to study the effect of torrefaction temperature on properties of patula pine (Pinus patula) wood that could be of interest for further thermochemical processing. Torrefaction temperature was varied from 200 to 300 °C for 30 minutes using a batch spoon type reactor. Raw and torrefied materials were characterized for proximate and ultimate analyses, thermogravimetry, and pyrolysis gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS). Results showed that torrefied pine has greater higher heating value and chemical exergy due to the reduction of O/C and H/C ratios. Compared with raw biomass, the material torrefied at 200 and 250 °C did not present significant changes in chemical composition and thermal behavior. Conversely, material torrefied at 300 °C did show important changes in both chemical composition and thermal behavior. Py-GC/MS results suggested that the main constituents of biomass, i.e., hemicellulose, cellulose and lignin, suffer a progressive thermal degradation with increase in torrefaction temperature.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of torrefaction temperature on properties of Patula pine

Ramos-Carmona

Pérez

Peláez-Samaniego

et al. 2017

Maderas, Cienc. tecnol.

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“…The standard method of measuring these rates is via thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) under inert and oxidizing conditions, whereby a small sample of the feedstock (5-15 mg typically) is heated at a certain rate while simultaneously recording mass, time and temperature. TGA is used extensively to study the kinetic parameters of gasification of biomass with CO 2 as a function of mass loss [9][10][11]. TGA can be considered to be a fixed reactor technique with a relatively low heating rate compared to larger scale systems where biomass is added directly to the reactor at the reaction temperature so the particle heating rate is significantly greater.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetics and Performance of Raw and Torrefied Biomass in a Continuous Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier

Al-Farraji

Marsh

Steer

et al. 2017

Waste Biomass Valor

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This paper is an experimental study of the kinetics of gasification of olive kernel by using a thermogravimetric fluidized bed reactor technique. Gasification of 'as received' and torrefied olive kernels were investigated in a lab-scale bubbling fluidized bed gasifier, operating at up to 3.2 kg/h. The effect of bed temperature between 550 and 750 °C in 50 °C increments on the gasification product gas at mass-based equivalence ratios of 0.15 and 0.2 was studied. To explore the potential of torrefied biomass, the gasification results were compared to that of the 'as received' biomass. The product gas from torrefied biomass produced higher H 2 , CO and CH 4 concentrations at identical oxidant flow rates in addition to higher cold gas efficiency and higher product gas heating value. The influence of equivalence ratio in gasification was also investigated at reactor temperatures of 750 °C and five equivalence ratios (0.15, 0.2, 0.25, 0.3, and 0.35). The results revealed that the torrefied biomass has the highest HHV at an equivalence ratio of 0.2 with a value of 6.09 MJ/Nm 3 , while 'as received' biomass 4.72 MJ/Nm 3 . Kinetic experiments under isothermal conditions were performed for the gasification of the materials in continuous mode. A mass balance model was successfully used to provide the capability of separately determining the rate constant of the reactions taking place. The kinetic parameters were calculated by a first order reaction model giving activation energies for 'as received' olive kernels of 84 kJ/mol and for torrefied olive kernels of 106 kJ/mol.

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“…2, it is evident that optimum gasification efficiency was achieved with the smallest feed size of 6 cm, a condition attributed to surface area and pore size because smaller feed sizes have larger surface areas per unit mass as well as larger pore sizes that facilitate faster rates of heat transfer and gasification [25]. However, because of alterations in the characteristics of the biomass caused by torrefaction, a high and uniform gasification temperature was achieved in the oxidation and reduction zones of the gasifier during simulation, which facilitated tar cracking and increased syngas yield, implying that fuel characteristics, in particular, size of the feedstock, are consequential to successful operation of a gasification system as supported by Xue et al [9].…”

Section: Influence Of Feed Size On Gasification Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 92%

“…all affected by fuel characteristics, gasifier design and operating variables [8,9,15,16]. Table 3 shows measured key characteristics of torrefied sugarcane bagasse.…”

Section: Torrefied Sugarcane Bagasse Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is absolutely no difficulty in having gasification to occur in downdraft systems but to optimally execute the process with high efficiency and high syngas quality remains an issue yet to be addressed as the basic principles underlying its design process are still completely vague, and never described quantitatively, hence the many gasifier designs and different approaches to the designs. Nonetheless, gasifier performance and syngas quality (parameters that reflects gasification process efficiency) are affected by fuel characteristics such as feed size; gasifier design parameters such as throat angle and throat diameter as well as gasifier operating variables such as temperature and feed input [8,9]. Thus, it was considered necessary to investigate the parameters that would influence gasification process efficiency of a particular biomass material under various gasifier design and operating variables.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Assessment of the Influence of Torrefied Biomass Physical Characteristics, Design and Operating Variables on Gasification Efficiency

Anukam¹,

Mamphweli²,

Reddy³

et al. 2016

JCCE

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Gasification efficiency is an important factor that determines the actual technical operation as well as the economic viability of using a gasifier system for energy production. In this study, the impact of the physical properties of torrefied bagasse and the influence of gasifier design and operating variables were investigated in a computer simulated downdraft gasification system. Results obtained from the study indicated an interrelationship between feedstock characteristics, especially with regard to feed size, design variables such as throat angle and throat diameter as well as gasifier operating conditions such as temperature of input air and feed input. These variables influenced the efficiency of the gasification process of sugarcane bagasse because of increased enhancement of combustion zone reactions, which liberated huge amount of heat that led to a rise in the temperature of the gasification process. This condition also created increased tar cracking within the gasification system, contributing to reduction in the overall yield of tar.

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Impact of torrefaction on properties of Miscanthus×giganteus relevant to gasification

Cited by 102 publications

References 28 publications

Effect of torrefaction temperature on properties of Patula pine

Effect of torrefaction temperature on properties of Patula pine

Kinetics and Performance of Raw and Torrefied Biomass in a Continuous Bubbling Fluidized Bed Gasifier

Assessment of the Influence of Torrefied Biomass Physical Characteristics, Design and Operating Variables on Gasification Efficiency

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