Impact of transmission line overloads on network reliability and conductor ageing

Liu, Shuran; Cruzat, Carlos; Kopsidas, Konstantinos

doi:10.1109/ptc.2017.7980857

Cited by 13 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Active power flow between two busses with voltages V 1 and V 2 and having respective angles is given by Equation (1) [1].…”

Section: Stability Issues Of Power Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Therefore, practical power systems are highly interconnected. Due to excessive interconnections, network restructuring, and dynamic load patterns, some transmission lines operate well above their thermal and stability limits [1]. The voltage profile of the power system gets affected by the uneven loading of transmission lines that leads to an unstable power system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Optimal Placement, Sizing and Coordination of FACTS Devices in Transmission Network Using Whale Optimization Algorithm

et al. 2020

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Flexible AC Transmission Systems (FACTS) play an important role in minimizing power losses and voltage deviations while increasing the real power transfer capacity of transmission lines. The extent to which these devices can provide benefits to the transmission network depend on their optimal location and sizing. However, finding appropriate locations and sizes of these devices in an electrical network is difficult since it is a nonlinear problem. This paper proposes a technique for the optimal placement and sizing of FACTS, namely the Thyristor-Controlled Series Compensators (TCSCs), Shunt VARs Compensators (SVCs), and Unified Power Flows Controllers (UPFCs). To find the optimal locations of these devices in a network, weak buses and lines are determined by constructing PV curves of load buses, and through the line stability index. Then, the whale optimization algorithm (WOA) is employed not only to find an ideal ratings for these devices but also the optimal coordination of SVC, TCSC, and UPFC with the reactive power sources already present in the network (tap settings of transformers and reactive power from generators). The objective here is the minimization of the operating cost of the system that consists of active power losses and FACTS devices cost. The proposed method is applied to the IEEE 14 and 30 bus systems. The presented technique is also compared with Genetic Algorithm (GA) and Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). The findings showed that total system operating costs and transmission line losses were considerably reduced by WOA as compared to existing metaheuristic optimization techniques.

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“…Active power flow between two busses with voltages V 1 and V 2 and having respective angles is given by Equation (1) [1].…”

Section: Stability Issues Of Power Transmissionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimal Placement, Sizing and Coordination of FACTS Devices in Transmission Network Using Whale Optimization Algorithm

et al. 2020

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

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“…Apart from the load demand, overloading also occurred due to human errors and protection failures, which cause line tripping. Thus, advanced protection schemes and faulty assessments need to be implemented to avoid unnecessary tripping during operation and prevent thermal overload in transmission lines [64], [86], [89]- [91].…”

Section: ) Overloadmentioning

confidence: 99%

Review of Thermal Stress and Condition Monitoring Technologies for Overhead Transmission Lines: Issues and Challenges

et al. 2020

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The overhead transmission line system is one of the methods of transmitting electrical energy at a high voltage from one point to another, especially over long distances. The demand for electrical energy is increasing due to the increase in the world population, the evolution of transport technology, and economic expansion, thereby resulting in overloading to the overhead line (OHL) system. In building new infrastructure for transmission lines, several issues need to be addressed. Thus, optimizing existing power by increasing the ampacity of power line is a practical solution to meet energy demand issues. During long-term operation, the temperature of OHL conductors may increase beyond their rated temperature, which is typically 75 °C for conventional conductors such as aluminum-conductor steel-reinforced cable. This condition is defined as thermal stress, which results in lower sag vertical clearance, tensile loss, elongation and creep, and reduced life span of the conductors. This condition must be avoided to ensure that the line is not permanently elongated, which can disrupt the vertical ground clearance, and to expand the conductor's life. Other factors such as lightning, wildfire, aging, and degradation of the conductor can also cause thermal stress on the conductors and have thermal effects on the conductor's performance. Therefore, unwanted thermal stress needs to be examined and identified by monitoring the thermal effect and behavior of the lines. This paper presents the state of the art in monitoring technologies that can be used to identify thermal stress on OHL conductors, including the issues and challenges in monitoring. At the end of this paper, a few suggestions are included to address the occurrence and assessment of thermal stress in lines. Ultimately, this work may provide complete information to researchers and maintenance engineers to enable them to make better decisions on condition monitoring, operation, and maintenance of the system. INDEX TERMS Overhead transmission line, thermal rating, conductor temperature, thermal stress effect, conditioning monitoring.

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“…From (10), ΔP L, j age is modelled as the extra power flow on line L j computed when considering zero EDR availability (i.e. ΔP L, j age ) and power reduction (due to available EDR) equivalent to the proportion L,j from the DR power (P j EDR ) at the receiving end bus j of line L j .…”

Section: γγ1 Minimising Ens At Bus J (Ens J )mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Once the ageing risks and benefits are determined, the NOs could make informed decisions on either accepting those ageing risks or defining appropriate actions to manage and mitigate them. Till now, there is very limited literature combining reliability benefits and network ageing risks resulted from EL and PLR [9,10]. Although a few studies capture the ageing risks accompanied by the EL operation of OHLs [11][12][13], they fail to define proper economic solutions for minimising those risks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Network reliability framework integrating demand response and flexible OHL ratings

Abogaleela

Kopsidas

2019

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution

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Impact of transmission line overloads on network reliability and conductor ageing

Cited by 13 publications

References 8 publications

Optimal Placement, Sizing and Coordination of FACTS Devices in Transmission Network Using Whale Optimization Algorithm

Optimal Placement, Sizing and Coordination of FACTS Devices in Transmission Network Using Whale Optimization Algorithm

Review of Thermal Stress and Condition Monitoring Technologies for Overhead Transmission Lines: Issues and Challenges

Network reliability framework integrating demand response and flexible OHL ratings

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