Impact of VAM on phosphorus nutrition of maize with low soluble phosphate fertilization

Abstract

In a greenhouse pot experiment, maize was grown inoculated with the spores of the VAM fungi Glomus mosseae and Glomas multicaulis or non-inoculated. Low soluble ferrous phosphate (FePO 4 . 4 H 2 O) was added to the mycorrhized and non-mycorrhized maize. The fresh and dry weights of mycorrhized plants with added phosphate (P) were higher than in mycorrhized plants without added P or non-mycorrhized plants with added P. The amount of P in the soil samples from pots with mycorrhizal plants fertilized with P was evidently smaller than those in samples also fertilized non-mycorrhizal plants. The percentage of P was higher in tissues of fertilized mycorrhizal plants than in those mycorrhized plants without or non-mycorrhized plants with added low-soluble P. These results indicated that plants in VAM symbiosis mobilize P better from low-soluble P than non-mycorrhized plants. INTRODUCTIONPlants in the vesicular arbuscular-mycorrhizal (VAM) symbiosis are better supplied with P than non-mycorrhizal plants. VAM fungi increase growth of plants in the soil where P deficiency limits the growth of non-mycorrhizal plants (1,2).There are some reports that VAM fungi can mobilize from soil P which is poorly available or unavailable for non-mycorrhized plants. Perhaps VAM fungi synthesize and secrete organic substances-siderophores-which increase the desorption of P in labile soil P pools. With organic acids, VAM fungi can solubilize

Production of Organic Acids by Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi and Their Contribution in the Mobilization of Phosphorus Bound to Iron Oxides

“…Phosphorus mobilization by AMF may involve both Pi (Smith and Read, 2008) and Po forms (Andrino et al, 2020). There is also evidence that AMF can desorb OP from ferrihydrite (Gogala et al, 1995;Rakshit and Bhadoria, 2010), and recently, we confirmed the ability of R. irregularis to mobilize Po and Pi bound to goethite (GOE), one of the most abundant Fe (oxy)hydroxides in tropical soils, at differing host plant C cost (Andrino et al, 2019).…”

Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis alters the expression patterns of three key iron homeostasis genes, ZmNAS1, ZmNAS3, and ZmYS1, in S deprived maize plants

“…In this study, mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal plants were grown under prolonged sulfur deficiency in the presence of insoluble iron, as FePO 4 salt. This salt has been used in previous studies, as practically insoluble form of phosphate, for the investigation of the impact of AM fungi on plant growth or P nutrition (Bolan et al, 1987 ; Virant-Klun and Gogala, 1995 ). In our study FePO 4 had a dual role: it was the only source for Fe and the main source for P as the nutrient solution provided was P insufficient in order to promote the establishment of mycorrhizal symbiosis.…”

Survey of Mycorrhizal Colonization in Native, Open-Pollinated, and Introduced Hybrid Maize in Villages of Chiquimula, Guatemala

“…As stated by Coffman and Bates (1993), "Breeding for sustainability is a process of fitting appropriate crops and cultivars to an appropriate environment instead of altering the environment through inputs such as fertilizer, water, and pesticides." Since crops in sustainable agricultural systems need to be resource efficient, crop improvement should consider mycorrhizal symbiosis potential (Johnson and Pfleger, 1992;Callaway and Francis, 1993) in implementation strategies, as phosphorus (P) nutrition is the most pronounced and well-documented benefit of mycorrhiza (Virant-Klun and Gogala, 1995;Lu and Miller, 1989;Khan, 1972;Khalil et al, 1994Khalil et al, , 1999.…”