Impact of water depth and sediment type on root morphology of the submerged plant<i>Vallisneria natans</i>

Bai, Xiang; Chen, Kaining; Zhao, Hongbin; Chen, Xiaomin

doi:10.1080/02705060.2014.970672

Cited by 31 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…After 36 days of plant growth, roots had abundantly developed over the whole planar optode foil. The main root-parameters such as diameter, length and surface area were 0.3 mm, 53.4 mm and 16.3 cm 2 , respectively (see Table S2), which is similar to previous studies (Liu et al, 2014;Bai et al, 2015), indicating the plant health of Vallisneria spiralis accompanied by the planar optode was slightly affected over the entire experiment.…”

Section: General Features Of Sediment and Root Developmentsupporting

confidence: 88%

Quantitative imaging of radial oxygen loss from Valisneria spiralis roots with a fluorescent planar optode

Han

Ren

Tang

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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Oxygen (O2) availability within the sediment-root interface is critical to the survival of macrophytes in O2-deficient sediment; however, our knowledge of the fine-scale impact of macrophyte roots upon the spatiotemporal dynamics of O2 is relatively limited. In this study, a non-invasive imaging technology was utilized to map O2 micro-distribution around Vallisneria spiralis. Long-term imaging results gathered during a 36day-period revealed an abundance of O2 spatiotemporal patterns ranging from 0 to 250μmolL(-1). The root-induced O2 leakage and consequent oxygenated area were stronger in the vicinity of the basal root compared to that found in the root tip. The O2 images revealed V. spiralis exhibited radial O2 loss (ROL) along the entire root, and the O2 distribution along the root length showed a high degree of small-scale spatial heterogeneity decreasing from 80% at the basal root surface to 10% at the root tip. The oxygenated zone area around the roots increased as O2 levels increased with root growth and irradiance intensities ranging from 0 to 216μmol photons m(-2)s(-1). A weak ROL measuring <20% air saturation around the basal root surface was maintained in darkness, which was presumably attributed to the O2 supply from overlying water via plant aerenchyma. The estimated total O2 release to the rhizosphere of V. spiralis was determined to range from 8.80±7.32 to 30.34±17.71nmolm(-2)s(-1), which is much higher than many other macrophyte species. This O2 release may be an important contribution to the high-capacity of V. spiralis for quickly colonizing anaerobic sediment.

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Section: General Features Of Sediment and Root Developmentsupporting

confidence: 88%

Quantitative imaging of radial oxygen loss from Valisneria spiralis roots with a fluorescent planar optode

Han

Ren

Tang

et al. 2016

Science of The Total Environment

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“…Water depth had major effects on plant size and reproductive output. In a previous study, V. natans attained maximum total biomass and leaf mass at 60 cm, whether in clay or sandy loam 28 . However, in the present study, maximum biomass of V. natans was obtained at 100 cm, perhaps due to water clarity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

Water depth affects reproductive allocation and reproductive allometry in the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans

Bonser

Lan

et al. 2017

Sci Rep

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In freshwater ecosystems, shifts in hydrological regimes have profound effects on reproductive output (R), along with vegetative biomass (V) and survival of plants. Because reproductive allocation (RA) is allometric, it remains unclear whether the observed variation of RA in response to water level variability is due to fixed patterns of development or plasticity in the developmental trajectories. Here, we investigated shifts in RA of a submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans in response to water depth to test the hypothesis that allometric trajectories of RA are highly plastic. Plants were grown at three water depths (50, 100 and 150 cm) and measured after 26 weeks of growth. The relationships between R and V among treatments were compared. Deep water affected both biomass and number of fruits produced per plant, leading to less sexual reproduction. Plants in deep water started flowering at a smaller size and despite their small mature size, had a relatively high RA. Furthermore, these plants had a much lower log R–log V relationship than shallow- or intermediate-water plants. In conclusion, reproduction of V. natans is highly variable across water depth treatments, and variations in reproductive allometry represent different strategies under an important stress gradient for these freshwater angiosperms.

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“…It increased with increasing depth until 5.5 m and then gradually decreased at deeper sites. V. natans may shift the light compensation point to cope with reduced light (Bai et al, 2015; Wei et al, 2018). Blanch (1998) found that V. natans had a low photosynthetic light intensity compensation point of 9.4 umol m −2 s −1 , which is close to the light intensity value (9.0 umol m −2 s −1 ) at 5.5 m water depth in our in situ physiological response experiment.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphological and physiological response strategies ofVallisneria natansat different water depths and light conditions

Chou

Chen

Zhang

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Phenotypic plasticity is an important adaptation to spatial and temporal environmental variations. For submerged macrophytes, adaptation to water depth and light variation is particularly important. To determine the morphological and physiological adaptive strategies of Vallisneria natans at different water depths and light conditions, we combined field investigation, light control experiment and in situ physiological response experiment. In the field investigation and the light control experiment, both water depth and light intensity had prominent effects on the morphological of V. natans, especially in fresh weight and leaf length. The leaf length elongated more rapidly at intermediate water depth sites with lower light intensity. In the in situ experiment, the survival boundary of V. natans is 5.5 m in Lake Erhai. Below this depth, the chlorophyll-a content increased gradually with increasing water depth. Our results demonstrated that V. natans can adapt to water depth and light availability by changing morphological, physiological and resource allocation. At low light condition, V. natans invested more resource for light acquisition, simultaneously, changing the photosynthetic pigment content to compensate for light attenuation; conversely, more resource was directed towards reproduction. These results will provide new insight for species selection when conducting aquatic plants restoration in freshwater ecosystem.HIGHLIGHTSWater depth and light availability affect the morphology, physiology, and resource allocation of V. natans.An alternative resource allocation pattern of V. natans could shift between light acquisition and reproduction.

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Impact of water depth and sediment type on root morphology of the submerged plantVallisneria natans

Cited by 31 publications

References 32 publications

Quantitative imaging of radial oxygen loss from Valisneria spiralis roots with a fluorescent planar optode

Quantitative imaging of radial oxygen loss from Valisneria spiralis roots with a fluorescent planar optode

Water depth affects reproductive allocation and reproductive allometry in the submerged macrophyte Vallisneria natans

Morphological and physiological response strategies ofVallisneria natansat different water depths and light conditions

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