“…Studies based on water quality analysis are commonly used in traditional methods of physicochemical analysis via field sampling and processed in laboratories (e.g., Freyberg et al, 2017 ; Rostom et al, 2017 ; Bianchi et al, 2019 ; Shi et al, 2019 ; Saha et al, 2020 ). However, this form of analysis becomes impractical/unfeasible for large-scale domains, such as rivers and lakes.…”