Impacts of breeder loss on social structure, reproduction and population growth in a social canid

Borg, Bridget L.; Brainerd, Scott M.; Meier, Thomas J.; Prugh, Laura R.

doi:10.1111/1365-2656.12256

Cited by 96 publications

(113 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Selective removal of individuals may change aspects of social organization and dispersal rates (Milner et al 2007;Allendorf and Hard 2009;Averbeck et al 2010;Borg et al 2015, Leclerc et al 2017, while hunting disturbance can induce escape movements and temporary home range displacement (Kamei et al 2010;Grignolio et al 2011;Thurfjell et al 2013;Jarnemo and Wikenros 2014). In the case of wild boar, repeated hunting disturbance may affect social structure, leading to an increase in fission-fusion dynamics in the population, potentially facilitating the spread of diseases (Iacolina et al 2009;Scillitani et al 2010;Saïd et al 2012).…”

Section: Hunting and Disease Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and science-based implications for modern management and conservation of European ungulate populations

et al. 2017

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Wildlife management systems face growing challenges to cope with increasingly complex interactions between wildlife populations, the environment and human activities. In this position statement, we address the most important issues characterising current ungulate conservation and management in Europe. We present some key points arising from ecological research that may be critical for a reassessment of ungulate management in the future.

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Section: Hunting and Disease Managementmentioning

confidence: 99%

Challenges and science-based implications for modern management and conservation of European ungulate populations

et al. 2017

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“…Indeed, transient individuals are known to exist in coyote [31–33], eastern wolf [17], and gray wolf [34–37] populations, but their ability to traverse expansive areas makes transients difficult to monitor and study without global positioning system (GPS) and satellite technology [33]. Despite these difficulties, transiency is recognized to have a functional role in the population dynamics of wolves through emigration and replacement of breeding residents lost to mortality [3,12–13,15,36]. …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Space Use and Habitat Selection by Resident and Transient Red Wolves (Canis rufus)

et al. 2016

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Recovery of large carnivores remains a challenge because complex spatial dynamics that facilitate population persistence are poorly understood. In particular, recovery of the critically endangered red wolf (Canis rufus) has been challenging because of its vulnerability to extinction via human-caused mortality and hybridization with coyotes (Canis latrans). Therefore, understanding red wolf space use and habitat selection is important to assist recovery because key aspects of wolf ecology such as interspecific competition, foraging, and habitat selection are well-known to influence population dynamics and persistence. During 2009–2011, we used global positioning system (GPS) radio-telemetry to quantify space use and 3rd-order habitat selection for resident and transient red wolves on the Albemarle Peninsula of eastern North Carolina. The Albemarle Peninsula was a predominantly agricultural landscape in which red wolves maintained spatially stable home ranges that varied between 25 km2 and 190 km2. Conversely, transient red wolves did not maintain home ranges and traversed areas between 122 km2 and 681 km2. Space use by transient red wolves was not spatially stable and exhibited shifting patterns until residency was achieved by individual wolves. Habitat selection was similar between resident and transient red wolves in which agricultural habitats were selected over forested habitats. However, transients showed stronger selection for edges and roads than resident red wolves. Behaviors of transient wolves are rarely reported in studies of space use and habitat selection because of technological limitations to observed extensive space use and because they do not contribute reproductively to populations. Transients in our study comprised displaced red wolves and younger dispersers that competed for limited space and mating opportunities. Therefore, our results suggest that transiency is likely an important life-history strategy for red wolves that facilitates metapopulation dynamics through short- and long-distance movements and eventual replacement of breeding residents lost to mortality.

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“…However, we acknowledge that predation also impose indirect effects on prey populations (Creel and Christianson, 2008), typically related to predator avoidance behaviour or the disruption of social structures (Lima, 1998;Borg, Brainerd, Meier and Prugh, 2015). The demographic consequences of indirect effects of predation may be substantial, and there is mounting evidence that such indirect effects of hunting may be common for some species (Swenson et al, 1997;Whitman, Starfield, Quadling, and Packer, 2004;Maldonado-Chaparro and Blumstein, 2008;Creel and Rotella, 2010;Borg et al, 2015). We therefore suggest that in addition to an increased attention to the predation strategies exhibited by human hunters, there may be an equivalent need to improve our knowledge about the indirect demographic consequences of hunting.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Los seres humanos como depredadores: una visión general de las estrategias de depredación seguidas por cazadores con distintas motivaciones

Dalerum

Swanepoel

2018

Arbor

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Predator-prey theory suggests that generalist predators are linked to demographic stability of prey whereas specialists are destabilizing. We overview the demographic consequences of different predation strategies and hypothesize that subsistence hunting occurs opportunistically, persecution hunters behave like specialist predators, and recreational hunters behave like generalist predators. Under this hypothesis, persecution hunting would have destabilizing effects, whereas the effects of subsistence and recreational hunting would be neutral or stabilizing. We found poor empirical support for this hypothesis, but there was scarce empirical data. Recreational hunters mainly hunted opportunistically and hunting as managed persecution followed a type III functional response, i.e. with low hunting intensity at low game abundances and a switch to an increased intensity at some level of abundance. We suggest that recreational hunters have limited destabilizing effects on game populations and that hunting may be an ineffective way of complete the removal of invasive species. We urge for further studies quantifying the responses of hunters to game abundances, in particular studies evaluating the responses of subsistence hunters and illegal persecution. KEYWORDS:Predator-prey; functional response; hunting; harvest; predation. RESUMEN:La teoría depredador-presa sugiere que los depredadores generalistas están vinculados a la estabilidad demográfica de las presas, mientras que los especialistas son desestabilizadores. En este artículo hemos hecho una revisión general de las consecuencias demográficas de diferentes estrategias de depredación y hemos intentado testar la hipótesis de que la caza de subsistencia se produce de forma oportunista, la caza de persecución sería la realizada por depredadores especializados y la caza recreativa por depredadores generalistas. Desde esta hipótesis, la caza de persecución tendría efectos desestabilizadores, mientras que los efectos de la caza de subsistencia y recreativa serían neutrales o estabilizadores. Hemos encontrado poco apoyo empírico para esta hipótesis, pero también es cierto que contamos con escasa información de campo. Los cazadores de recreo principalmente cazan de forma oportunista y la caza de persecución muestra una respuesta funcional de tipo III, es decir, disminuye la intensidad de presas cuando lo hace la abundancia de presas y aumenta dicha intensidad ante cierto nivel de abundancia de presas. Sugerimos que los cazadores de recreo limitan los efectos desestabilizadores sobre las poblaciones de caza y que la caza no es un método eficaz de eliminación completa de especies invasoras. Instamos a la realización de nuevos estudios que cuantifiquen las respuestas de los cazadores a la abundancia de presas, en particular estudios que evalúen las respuestas de los cazadores de subsistencia y la persecución ilegal.

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Impacts of breeder loss on social structure, reproduction and population growth in a social canid

Cited by 96 publications

References 48 publications

Challenges and science-based implications for modern management and conservation of European ungulate populations

Challenges and science-based implications for modern management and conservation of European ungulate populations

Space Use and Habitat Selection by Resident and Transient Red Wolves (Canis rufus)

Los seres humanos como depredadores: una visión general de las estrategias de depredación seguidas por cazadores con distintas motivaciones

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