Impacts of Climate Change on Agriculture and Food Security

Sahu

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

This study empirically examines the impact of climate change on cereal production in selected lower-middle-income countries with a balanced panel dataset spanning the period 1971-2016. The study uses average annual temperature, average annual rainfall, and CO 2 emissions to measure climate change. Besides this, cultivated land under cereal production, and rural population are also used as the control variables. Second generation unit root tests, i.e., CIPS, and CADF, are used to test the stationarity of the variables.Feasible Generalized Least Square (FGLS) model is used to overcome the issues of cross-sectional dependence, serial correlation, and group-wise heteroscedasticity. The ndings show that a rise in the temperature reduces the cereal production in lower-middleincome countries. While other climate variables, i.e., rainfall and CO 2, affect cereal production positively. The sensitivity of long run elasticity has been checked with the help of Driscoll-Kraay standard regression. The adverse effects of temperature on cereal production are likely to pose severe implications for food security. In conclusion, the paper recommends that governments and cereal producers should carry out adaptation activities and programmes to cope with the negative effects of temperature on cereal production.

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of climate change on cereal production: evidence from lower-middle-income countries

Sahu

et al. 2021

Environ Sci Pollut Res

Advances in Meteorology

“…Climate change has emerged as a significant man-made global environmental challenge marked by rising temperature. Global mean temperature has increased by 0.8°C over the past century and is anticipated to rise from 1.5°C to 4.8°C over the next hundred years [4]. Global warming trends may benefit crop production in cooler regions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recent increases in climate variability may have affected crop yields in countries across Europe since around the mid-1980s [9]. Global rising temperature is supposed to alter climatic patterns like floods, droughts, and incidents of the El Nino and La Nina, which could also reduce the yield in other regions where optimal temperatures have already existed, thereby affecting human life supporting system and global food production, further leading to food insecurity in terms of food availability, accessibility, utilization, and food system stability [4,[10][11][12][13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of Climate Change on the Growth of Typical Crops in Karst Areas: A Case Study of Guizhou Province

Weng

et al. 2019

Climate change has emerged as a significant man-made global environmental challenge marked by rising temperature. The global rising temperature is supposed to alter climatic patterns like floods and droughts, thereby affecting human life supporting system and global food production. In order to clarify the impact of weather events on agricultural production in karst landforms, this study selected the indices of the growth period of crops (start time and duration), growing season precipitation, intense precipitation, number of consecutive rainless days, and number of drought-flood abrupt alternation events to evaluate the variation trend of future weather events and their impact on crop growth in Guizhou Province, China. The results show that (1) the climate is generally getting warmer. From 2019 to 2050, the sowing period of winter wheat and rice tends to be postponed. The duration of maize and rice’s growth period will be shortened, and the life cycle of wheat also emerges as having a decreasing tendency except for those from the southern region. Comparing with the mean value during 1961 to 2018, the average crop cycle length of winter wheat, summer maize, and rice was shortened. The rate of shortening of crop cycle length is faster than the value during 1961 to 2018. (2) In the next 30 years, extreme precipitation concentrates in June and mainly falls in the central and southeast parts of Guizhou Province. In addition, summer is the outbreak period of drought events and drought-flood abrupt alternation events, which has a great impact on crop’s growth. This study can provide references for the planting system, structure, layout, and management of crops in the karst region.

“…According to Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), 2010) recent rapid and extensive changes are too extreme to be dismissed as 'normal', and have been shown to be closely correlated to changes in atmospheric carbon as a result of human activities. It has been established in the review of crop, livestock and fisheries systems in Africa, Nigeria inclusive that the links between agriculture and climate are quite pronounced and often complex (Shikha, 2018). Climate change risk transmits to the agricultural sector via unpredictable increase in rainfall which usually result in flood, unpredictable reduction in rainfall which result in drought and excessive increase in temperature that enhance drought and low humidity resulting from human activities (Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), 2018).…”

Section: Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%

Determinants of Climate Change Risk Management Strategies Among the Aquaculture Fish Farmers in Nigeria Using Multinomial Logit Model

2021

JEES

Nigeria's domestic supply of fishery products falls short of the demand; however, there is a growing aquaculture industry that has come to the rescue in filling the gap between supply and demand. The aquaculture fish farmers are prone to the risk of climate change, since weather and extreme events have become more unpredictable. This study assessed the climate change risk management strategies among the aquaculture fish farmers' in Southwest Nigeria. Multi-stage sampling technique was used to select 480 aquaculture fish farmers' in the study area. Descriptive statistics, likert scale and multinomial logit model were used to analyze the data. The study revealed that all the respondents were aware that climate is changing. The commonly used adaptation strategy by the fish farmers in the area was use of concrete /plastic pond (78%). The result of the multinomial logit model revealed that farm income influences the adoption of flood control/provision of water outlet by 19.22%, provision of alternative water supply (Well/Borehole) by 45.11% and the use of the concrete/plastic pond by 18.89%. Flood control/provision of water outlet, providing alternative water supply (Well/Borehole), use of concrete /plastic pond are all investment that were positively significant at 1%. Therefore, increase in farm income will lead to increase in these adaptation strategies to mitigate the effects of climate change on fish production in the study area. The study recommends that government at all levels should provide loan at a single digit interest rate to mitigate the effects of climate change on aquaculture fish farming.