Impacts of habitat loss and fragmentation on the activity budget, ranging ecology and habitat use of Bale monkeys (<i>Chlorocebus djamdjamensis</i>) in the southern Ethiopian Highlands

Mekonnen, Addisu; Fashing, Peter J.; Bekele, Afework; Hernández‐Aguilar, R. Adriana; Rueness, Eli Knispel; Nguyen, Nga; Stenseth, Nils Chr.

doi:10.1002/ajp.22644

Cited by 55 publications

(117 citation statements)

References 58 publications

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“…), activity budget and ranging ecology (Mekonnen et al. ), and genetic variability (Mbora & McPeek ; Ruiz‐Lopez et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is especially important in view of the critical functional roles arboreal primates have in tropical rainforests (Estrada et al 2017). Shared patterns in population density may translate into similar effects due to habitat fragmentation and human disturbance on overall population size and demography (de Almeida-Rocha et al 2017), activity budget and ranging ecology (Mekonnen et al 2017), and genetic variability (Mbora & McPeek 2015;Ruiz-Lopez et al 2015).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of anthropogenic disturbance on primate density at the landscape scale

Cavada

Tenan

Barelli

et al. 2019

Conservation Biology

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Accurate estimations of the abundance of threatened animal populations are required for assessment of species’ status and vulnerability and conservation planning. However, density estimation is usually difficult and resource demanding, so researchers often collect data at local scales. However, anthropogenic pressures most often have landscape‐level effects, for example, through habitat loss and fragmentation. We applied hierarchical distance sampling (HDS) to transect count data to determine the effect of habitat and anthropogenic factors on the density of 3 arboreal primate species inhabiting 5 distinct tropical forests across a landscape of 19,000 km2 in the Udzungwa Mountains of Tanzania. We developed a novel, multiregion extension of HDS that allowed us to model density and detectability jointly across forests without losing site‐specific information. For all species, the effect of anthropogenic disturbance on density was overwhelmingly negative among metapopulations: −0.63 Angolan colobus (Colobus angolensis palliatus) (95% Bayesian CI −1.03 to −0.27), −0.54 Udzungwa red colobus (Procolobus gordonorum) (−0.89 to −0.22), and −0.33 Sykes' monkey (Cercopithecus mitis monoides) (−0.63 to −0.07). Some responses to habitat factors were shared, notably the negative effect of elevation and the positive effect of climber coverage. These results are important for conservation science and practice because: the among‐populations negative responses to anthropogenic disturbance provides a foundation for development of conservation plans that hold at the landscape scale, which is a comprehensive and cost‐efficient approach; the among‐species consistency in responses suggests conservation measures may be generalized at the guild level, which is especially relevant given the functional importance of primates in tropical rainforests; and the greater primate densities in areas at low elevation, which are closer to human settlements, point to specific management recommendations, such as the creation of buffer zones and prioritization of areas for protection.

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“…), activity budget and ranging ecology (Mekonnen et al. ), and genetic variability (Mbora & McPeek ; Ruiz‐Lopez et al. ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of anthropogenic disturbance on primate density at the landscape scale

Cavada

Tenan

Barelli

et al. 2019

Conservation Biology

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“…Instead the effect of leaf consumption on time budget trade-off was modulated by fragment quality. Previous research has indicated that anthropogenic habitat disturbance could impact primate time budgets in a variety of ways [Palma et al, 2011;Ordóñez-Gómez et al, 2016;Mekonnen et al, 2017], but our study is possibly the first to provide evidence of a link between leaf consumption and variation in energy budget strategies depending on habitat quality: from a lowinvestment/low-return strategy in high-quality fragments to a high-investment/low- return budget in low-quality fragments. Such variation could imply less net energy available under a more folivorous diet, as leaves, although rich in proteins and minerals [Ganzhorn et al, 2017], tend to have lower energy content than fruits, and howler monkeys would obtain less energy [Silver et al, 2000].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 79%

The Influence of Leaf Consumption on Time Allocation in Black Howler Monkeys (Alouatta pigra)

Rangel‐Negrín¹,

Coyohua-Fuentes²,

Canales‐Espinosa³

et al. 2018

IJFP

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The analysis of factors that determine variation in time budgets is important to understand the interactions between environment, behaviour and fitness. We tested the hypothesis that changes in the dietary patterns of black howler monkeys (Alouatta pigra) caused by a decrease in the availability of preferred foods are a main determinant of variation in time budgets. We predicted that individuals would trade off travel time for resting time (i.e., minimize energy expenditure) as the diet included more leaves. We conducted our study in the Mexican state of Campeche between 2005 and 2008, where we studied the behaviour of 28 adult males and 32 adult females belonging to 14 different groups for a total of 3,747.2 focal sampling hours. Study groups lived in forest fragments with variation in habitat quality. Individuals showed different rest:travel trade-offs in response to leaf consumption according to the quality of the forest fragments they lived in. Individuals that lived in high-quality fragments increased resting time under more folivorous regimes, whereas those living in low-quality fragments increased travel time. Our results suggest that howler monkeys living in low-quality fragments spend more time foraging to compensate for the low quality of the available resources.

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“…Habitat fragmentation causes increasing length of boundary, reduces size of patches and respectively halts normal functioning of ecological processes (Collinge 1996). This habitat fragmentation was posing chronic challenge for endemic animals' viability and conservation activities especially at fragmented landscapes (Mekonnen et al 2012;Mamo and Bekele 2011;Temesgen 2015;Mekonnen et al 2017). This is because animals in a fragmented ecosystem migrate from patches to patches in search of feed and water.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Changes and drivers of afro-alpine forest ecosystem: future trajectories and management strategies in Bale eco-region, Ethiopia

Mezgebu

Workineh

2017

Ecol Process

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Introduction: Ecosystem change and respective conservation needs were at top priority areas in the globe especially at biodiversity hotspot zones and places of endemism like Bale eco-region. In this aspect, this study had tried to assess historical landscape changes of afro-alpine forest ecosystem with its respective driving forces and effectiveness of different institutional arrangements to protect this ecosystem. Methods: The study utilized satellite imagery from Landsat series starting from 1986 to 2016, ground truth data from GPS-based field survey, focus group discussions, and reconnaissance field survey. Historical landscape maps were prepared with a mix of supervised and unsupervised image classification methods. Future landscape change simulation was undertaken by using cellular automata modeling on Dynamic Environment for Geoprocessing Objects (Dinamica EGO) software. Beyond areal change and transition of landscape elements, level of ecosystem fragmentation was assessed with FRAGSTAT software. Results: Results have shown that there is encroachment of human-induced land use patterns especially agriculture and grazing while closed canopy forest and woodland ecosystems have decreased in their extent. Simulation outputs for the coming three decades have also shown similar patterns with historical trends. Beyond changes in areal extent, landscape matrix analysis results indicated that there is increasing class and landscape level fragmentation both in its historical and future probable likelihoods. Effectiveness of different management strategies at different institutional arrangement were differ in their effectiveness that federal and regional government were not able to curve landscape change.

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Impacts of habitat loss and fragmentation on the activity budget, ranging ecology and habitat use of Bale monkeys (Chlorocebus djamdjamensis) in the southern Ethiopian Highlands

Cited by 55 publications

References 58 publications

Effects of anthropogenic disturbance on primate density at the landscape scale

Effects of anthropogenic disturbance on primate density at the landscape scale

The Influence of Leaf Consumption on Time Allocation in Black Howler Monkeys (Alouatta pigra)

Changes and drivers of afro-alpine forest ecosystem: future trajectories and management strategies in Bale eco-region, Ethiopia

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