“…However, human activity changes are putting many PRNRs into situations of frequent flooding and deteriorating water quality and ecosystem function (Pinto & Maheshwari, 2011, Zhang, Guo, & Wang, 2015, Zhao, Lin, Yang, Liu, & Qian, 2015, Song, Xu, Zhang, Li, & Wang, 2016, Yang et al, 2016, Deng, 2019, Kreiling, Thoms, Bartsch, Richardson, & Christensen, 2019). Considering that these regions are highly variable in land use and flow dynamics, it is important to identify the quantity and structural changes of river networks, as well as to understand the paradigm of the spatiotemporal change process (Wu et al, 2018).…”