Impacts of population density and wealth on the quantity and structure of urban green space in tropical Southeast Asia

Richards, Daniel R.; Passy, Paul; Oh, Rachel Rui Ying

doi:10.1016/j.landurbplan.2016.09.005

Cited by 171 publications

(79 citation statements)

References 54 publications

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“…Wealthier megacities such as New York-Newark, London, and Moscow tend to have higher availability of urban green spaces (Table 2 and Table S1), but the influence of wealth (per capita GDP) on availability of urban green spaces is not significant. This was partly in agreement with observations by Richards et al [31], who found that richer cities had more urban green spaces. Availability of urban green spaces in Karachi was the lowest because of its warm and dry climate and relatively low level of economic performance (Table S1).…”

Section: Availability Of Urban Green Spaces and Changes Of Health Bensupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Annual precipitation (AP), annual mean temperature (AMT), population density (PD), and per capita GDP (PCGDP) were included in this study. We chose these climatic and socio-economic variables because they were widely used in studies [30,31] and the data needed for analysis are available. Values of climatic variables were collected from WorldClim [56] and values of socio-economic variables were obtained from Dobbs et al [57].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Green Spaces as an Indicator of Urban Health: Evaluating Its Changes in 28 Mega-Cities

Huang

Yang

et al. 2017

Remote Sensing

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Urban green spaces can yield considerable health benefits to urban residents. Assessing these health benefits is a key step for managing urban green spaces for human health and wellbeing in cities. In this study, we assessed the change of health benefits generated by urban green spaces in 28 megacities worldwide between 2005 and 2015 by using availability and accessibility as proxy indicators. We first mapped land covers of 28 megacities using 10,823 scenes of Landsat images and a random forest classifier running on Google Earth Engine. We then calculated the availability and accessibility of urban green spaces using the land cover maps and gridded population data. The results showed that the mean availability of urban green spaces in these megacities increased from 27.63% in 2005 to 31.74% in 2015. The mean accessibility of urban green spaces increased from 65.76% in 2005 to 72.86% in 2015. The increased availability and accessibility of urban green spaces in megacities have brought more health benefits to their residents.

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Section: Availability Of Urban Green Spaces and Changes Of Health Bensupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Spaces as an Indicator of Urban Health: Evaluating Its Changes in 28 Mega-Cities

Huang

Yang

et al. 2017

Remote Sensing

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“…• Shannon's equitability (E H ): calculated by dividing H by H max (here H max = lnS) as shown in Equation (4). Equitability assumes a value between 0 and 1, with 1 being complete evenness.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The Millennium Ecosystem Assessment grouped ecosystem services into four categories: provisioning, regulating, cultural and supporting. Rapid urbanization has a significant negative impact on urban forests and the ecosystem services they provide [4]. The structure of urban forests is an important variable that influences urban ecosystem functions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ecological Structure of a Tropical Urban Forest in the Bang Kachao Peninsula, Bangkok

Sommeechai

Wachrinrat

Dell

et al. 2018

Forests

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Abstract:Rapid urbanization has changed the structure and function of natural ecosystems, especially floodplain ecosystems in SE Asia. The ecological structure of vegetation stands and the usefulness of satellite images was investigated to characterize a disturbed tropical urban forest located in the Chao Phraya River lower floodplain, Thailand. Nine sample plots were established on the Bang Kachao Peninsula (BKP) within 4 tropical forest types in an urban area: rehabilitation forest, home-garden agroforestry, mangrove and park. The tree habitats were beach forest, swamp forest, moist evergreen forest, dry evergreen forest, mangrove forest and abandoned orchard or home-garden. Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values obtained from Landsat 7 satellite images were correlated with plant structure from field surveys. NDVI had the highest relationship with stand factors for number of families, number of species, Shannon-Weiner index and total basal area. Linear regression predicted well the correlation between NDVI and stand factors for families and basal area. NDVI trends reflected urban tropical forest typing and biodiversity, being high in rehabilitation and mangrove forests, moderate in home-gardens and low in parks. We suggest that the application of NDVI for assessments can be useful for future planning, monitoring and management of the BKP and hence may contribute for increasing biodiversity and complexity of these urban forests.

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“…These values and lifestyles tend to show similar social and biophysical features, such as: (1) overdependence of citizens upon cars, which limits personal interactions, generates traffic congestion, and creates public health risks and environmental damages through pollution (Davies 2015); (2) a fast-paced lifestyle, with little time for leisure and contemplation (Davies 2015); and (3) few green spaces, leading to decreasing biodiversity (Richards et al 2017) and limited ecosystem services (Tratalos et al 2007). Moreover, the scarcity of urban nature, combined with urban lifestyle, may hinder individual relationships with nature, leading to a phenomenon called "extinction of experience" [of nature] (Pyle 1978(Pyle , 2003, which is supposed to impact human health and wellbeing, as well as emotions, attitudes, and behavior toward nature, implying in turn a cycle of disaffection toward it (Soga and Gaston 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Specificities of French community gardens as environmental stewardships

Torres¹,

Nadot²,

Prévot³

2017

E&S

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ABSTRACT. Community-based efforts are essential to address urban social-ecological challenges. Here, we focus on French community gardens. Through participant observation and semistructured interviews, this study seeks to provide empirical evidence on: (1) what motivates volunteer gardeners in French community gardens to undertake this activity, (2) what practices take place in the gardens, and (3) which individual and collective processes are associated with gardeners' experiences in the gardens. Through these questions, we aim to understand how these initiatives relate to environmental stewardship. Our results show that environmental, social, and selfmotivations are the drivers behind gardeners' participation in the gardens. It seems that involvement in the gardens provides opportunities to fulfill those needs and/or motives through different interrelated processes between the individual with him/herself, the human collective, and nature such as: contemplating nature and benefiting from sensory experiences, having access to environmental education, experiencing individual and collective organization, renewing social-ecological relationships, and facing local challenges. We note that French community gardens provide arenas for new experiences of nature. In addition, even if gardens' biophysical features and gardening practices allow a series of processes that provide social and ecological benefits and outcomes, these gardens refer to environmental stewardship practices by cultivating relational values. These values provide opportunities for innovative ways of creative conservation, reflecting how care for ourselves extends to care for others, for places, and for nature.

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Impacts of population density and wealth on the quantity and structure of urban green space in tropical Southeast Asia

Cited by 171 publications

References 54 publications

Green Spaces as an Indicator of Urban Health: Evaluating Its Changes in 28 Mega-Cities

Green Spaces as an Indicator of Urban Health: Evaluating Its Changes in 28 Mega-Cities

Ecological Structure of a Tropical Urban Forest in the Bang Kachao Peninsula, Bangkok

Specificities of French community gardens as environmental stewardships

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