Implantation of Autologous Cartilage Chips Improves Cartilage Repair Tissue Quality in Osteochondral Defects

Christensen, Bjørn Borsøe; Foldager, Casper Bindzus; Olesen, Morten Lykke; Hede, Kris Chadwick; Lind, Martin

doi:10.1177/0363546516630977

Cited by 30 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Compared with dogs and other smaller animal models, the size, weight requirements and cartilage thickness of pigs are much closer to those of humans, and they are physiologically and physically similar to us, and the cartilage defect repair process of pigs may be closer to that of humans. Therefore, this study is of high clinical reference value [29][30][31][32].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Proliferation Ability of Particulated Juvenile Allograft Cartilage

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background: Particulated juvenile allograft cartilage (PJAC) has a good short-term clinical efficacy in repairing articular cartilage defects, but the proliferation ability of PJAC and the biological characteristics of transplanted cells after transplantation are still unclear.Purpose: To study the cartilage proliferation ability of PJAC in repairing full-thickness cartilage defects and the reasons for proliferation to provide experimental evidence for its clinical application.Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.Methods: Twenty Guizhou minipigs were randomly divided into the Autologous cartilage chip transplantation (PJAC) group and Autologous cartilage chip transplantation (ACC) group. In all minipigs, an 8 mm cylindrical full-thickness cartilage defect was created in the femoral trochlea of one knee. The experimental group received PJAC transplantation from five juvenile donor of Guizhou minipigs (PJAC group; n = 10) and the control group received transplantation of autologous cartilage chips (ACC group; n = 10). Both groups were followed at 1, 3 months after surgery; immunohistochemical evaluation of the tissue sections Ki-67, Lin28 was conducted, the positive rate was calculated according to the staining, and the proliferation ability of PJAC was analyzed. Results: All 20 Guizhou minipigs were followed, and there was no infection or incision healing disorder after surgery. By Ki-67 and Lin28 immunohistochemistry, the positive rates of Ki-67 were (88.9±0.2)% in the PJAC group and (28.3±3.6)% in the ACC group at 1 month, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05); the positive rates of Lin28 were (34.6±3.3)% in the PJAC group and (7.6±1.4)% in the ACC group at 1 month, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). At 3 months, the positive rates of Ki-67 in PJAC group and ACC group were (53.6±6.9）% and (1.97±0.3%), respectively (P<0.05 ) and the positive rates of Lin28 were (86.6±3.3%) and (1.4±0.3%) , respectively (P<0.01 ).Conclusion: A large animal model was established with Guizhou minipigs and the expression of Ki-67 protein and Lin28 protein in the repaired transplanted tissue was detected by immunohistochemistry was stronger than that of adult cartilage. The proliferation of PJAC within 3 months after 3 months of transplantation was stronger than adult cartilage. The enhanced expression of Lin28 may be one of the mechanisms by which PJAC achieved stronger proliferation ability than adult cartilage.PJAC technology has shown good application prospects for repairing cartilage defects.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 94%

Proliferation Ability of Particulated Juvenile Allograft Cartilage

Zhang

Zhao

et al. 2020

Preprint

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“…In a minipig model, defects treated with autologous bone fragments and cartilage chips had significantly more hyaline and fibrocartilage than defects treated with bone fragments alone, although no difference was noted in the bone defect volume between the groups at 6 or 12 months. 71…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Beyond Cartilage Repair: The Role of the Osteochondral Unit in Joint Health and Disease

Lepage

Robson

Gilmore

et al. 2019

Tissue Engineering Part B: Reviews

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Once believed to be limited to articular cartilage, osteoarthritis is now considered to be an organ disease of the “whole joint.” Damage to the articular surface can lead to, be caused by, or occur in parallel with, damage to other tissues in the joint. The relationship between cartilage and the underlying subchondral bone has particular importance when assessing joint health and determining treatment strategies. The articular cartilage is anchored to the subchondral bone through an interface of calcified cartilage, which as a whole makes up the osteochondral unit. This unit functions primarily by transferring load-bearing weight over the joint to allow for normal joint articulation and movement. Unfortunately, irreversible damage and degeneration of the osteochondral unit can severely limit joint function. Our understanding of joint pain, the primary complaint of patients, is poorly understood and past efforts toward structural cartilage restoration have often not been associated with a reduction in pain. Continued research focusing on the contribution of subchondral bone and restoration of the entire osteochondral unit are therefore needed, with the hope that this will lead to curative, and not merely palliative, treatment options. The purpose of this narrative review is to investigate the role of the osteochondral unit in joint health and disease. Topics of discussion include the crosstalk between cartilage and bone, the efficacy of diagnostic procedures, the origins of joint pain, current and emerging treatment paradigms, and suitable preclinical animal models for safety and efficacy assessment of novel osteochondral therapies. The goal of the review is to facilitate an appreciation of the important role played by the subchondral bone in joint pain and why the osteochondral unit as a whole should be considered in many cases of joint restoration strategies. Impact Statement In this comprehensive review, we are providing a holistic overview of osteochondral tissue development, disease, pain localization, as well as structural evaluation and current repair strategies. This review is intended to serve as a broad introduction to this multidisciplinary research area. It is a thorough examination of the biological aspects of the osteochondral unit from a tissue engineering perspective, highlighting the importance of the subchondral bone in chondral and osteochondral lesion repair and pain relief.

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“…Gotterbarm et al [25] showed that 6.3 mm diameter OCD did not spontaneously heal in mini-pig, confirming the applicability of this pig breed to articular cartilage research. e large majority of the cartilage regeneration studies in the mini-pig are performed on the joint knee, involving the medial [66] or femoral condyles [67,68], or femoral trochlea. Generally, 6 mm to 8 mm diameter or larger dimensions OCD are created, and the postoperative follow-up period is usually between 3 and 24 months (Table 5).…”

Section: Pigmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies on cartilage and cartilage defects have been reported using min-pig. Christensen and coauthors [68] created OCD of 6 mm diameter and 8 mm depth in the medial trochlear to investigate the role of cartilage chips. ey found that the cartilage chips promoted the formation of fibrocartilage rather than fibrous tissue.…”

Section: Applications Of Pig Ocd Models For Testing Of Osteochondral mentioning

confidence: 99%

Animal Models of Osteochondral Defect for Testing Biomaterials

Meng

Ziadlou

Grad

et al. 2020

Biochemistry Research International

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The treatment of osteochondral defects (OCD) remains a great challenge in orthopaedics. Tissue engineering holds a good promise for regeneration of OCD. In the light of tissue engineering, it is critical to establish an appropriate animal model to evaluate the degradability, biocompatibility, and interaction of implanted biomaterials with host bone/cartilage tissues for OCD repair in vivo. Currently, model animals that are commonly deployed to create osteochondral lesions range from rats, rabbits, dogs, pigs, goats, and sheep horses to nonhuman primates. It is essential to understand the advantages and disadvantages of each animal model in terms of the accuracy and effectiveness of the experiment. Therefore, this review aims to introduce the common animal models of OCD for testing biomaterials and to discuss their applications in translational research. In addition, we have reviewed surgical protocols for establishing OCD models and biomaterials that promote osteochondral regeneration. For small animals, the non-load-bearing region such as the groove of femoral condyle is commonly chosen for testing degradation, biocompatibility, and interaction of implanted biomaterials with host tissues. For large animals, closer to clinical application, the load-bearing region (medial femoral condyle) is chosen for testing the durability and healing outcome of biomaterials. This review provides an important reference for selecting a suitable animal model for the development of new strategies for osteochondral regeneration.

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Implantation of Autologous Cartilage Chips Improves Cartilage Repair Tissue Quality in Osteochondral Defects

Abstract: This study substantiates the chondrogenic role of cartilage chips in osteochondral defects.

Cited by 30 publications

References 29 publications

Proliferation Ability of Particulated Juvenile Allograft Cartilage

Proliferation Ability of Particulated Juvenile Allograft Cartilage

Beyond Cartilage Repair: The Role of the Osteochondral Unit in Joint Health and Disease

Animal Models of Osteochondral Defect for Testing Biomaterials

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