Implementation of the SELFY-MPI in five European countries: a multicenter international feasibility study

Abstract

It is essential for welfare systems to predict the health and care needs of people with chronic diseases. The Multidimensional Prognostic Index (MPI) proved excellent accuracy in predicting negative health outcomes. Recently, a selfadministered version of MPI (SELFY-MPI) was developed and validated in community- dwelling subjects showing an excellent agreement between the two instruments regardless of age. This is a feasibility study concerns the implementation of SELFYMPI in five European countries. The SELFY-MPI includes the self-administration of Barthel Index, Instrumental Activities of daily Living (IADL), Test Your Memory (TYM) Test, Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form (MNA-SF), comorbidity, number of medications, and the Gijon’s Socio-Familial Evaluation Scale (SFES). A descriptive analysis was performed on the data collected. 300 subjects (mean age 62 years, range 19-88 years; male/female ratio 0.81) completed the SELFY-MPI. The mean value of the SELFY-MPI was 0.131 (range: 0.0- 0.563) showing a significant correlation with age (Pearson coefficient=0.373, P<0.001). The mean value of the SELFYMPI filling time was 15 minutes (range: 5- 45 minutes) showing a significant correlation between age and filling time (Pearson coefficient=0.547, P<0.001). The SELFYMPI is an excellent self-administered tool for comprehensive self-assessment screening of community-dwelling people at risk of physical and cognitive frailty and/or socioeconomic vulnerability.

Multidimensional frailty in older people in general practitioners’ clinical practice: the SELFY-MPI SIGOT project

“…8,9 Recently, in the context of the EFFICHRONIC project, the SELFY-MPI, a self-administered multidimensional frailty assessment tool was developed and validated. [10][11][12] However, the literature regarding the use of self-assessment tools for identifying frailty in general medicine is still limited.…”

<p>Agreement of a Short Form of the Self-Administered Multidimensional Prognostic Index (SELFY-MPI-SF): A Useful Tool for the Self-Assessment of Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older People</p>

“…11 Moreover, preliminary data on this easy-to-use tool indicate that it has been implemented in five European countries, attesting to its feasibility in different national contexts and in heterogeneous populations. 12 However, even though the SELFY-MPI is a quick and easy tool, it has shown a significant difference in filling time between people aged under 60 years and those over 60 years: in the younger age-group, the mean value was 13.5 mins (standard deviation ±4.7), while in older participants the mean value was 21.7 mins (standard deviation ±9.2). 12 A significant portion of the completion time is required by Gijon's social-familiar evaluation scale (SFES), which was used in the EFFICHRONIC project for the in-depth assessment of social marginalization in a sample of adults of all ages.…”

“…12 However, even though the SELFY-MPI is a quick and easy tool, it has shown a significant difference in filling time between people aged under 60 years and those over 60 years: in the younger age-group, the mean value was 13.5 mins (standard deviation ±4.7), while in older participants the mean value was 21.7 mins (standard deviation ±9.2). 12 A significant portion of the completion time is required by Gijon's social-familiar evaluation scale (SFES), which was used in the EFFICHRONIC project for the in-depth assessment of social marginalization in a sample of adults of all ages. 12 Although an in-depth assessment of the social dimension could be particularly relevant for older people, information on cohabitation status, and particularly the condition of living alone, is also relevant in assessing social determinants of frailty.…”

“…12 A significant portion of the completion time is required by Gijon's social-familiar evaluation scale (SFES), which was used in the EFFICHRONIC project for the in-depth assessment of social marginalization in a sample of adults of all ages. 12 Although an in-depth assessment of the social dimension could be particularly relevant for older people, information on cohabitation status, and particularly the condition of living alone, is also relevant in assessing social determinants of frailty. Living alone is, in itself, associated with a higher risk of unplanned hospitalization, 13 a higher risk of falling, higher levels of disease and disability, 14 and even a higher risk of mortality.…”

The challenge of the multifaceted prognosis in the older people and the Multidimensional Prognostic Index

“…All these studies confirmed the accuracy of the MPI in predicting life expectancy [ 8 , 9 ] and the risk of hospitalization [ 8 ] during long periods of follow-up (from 12 to over 15 years) as well as the long-term risk of incident depression [ 10 ] and falls [ 11 ]. Moreover, in the context of the EU co-funded project EFFICHRONIC a self-administered version of the MPI (SELFY_MPI) was developed and validated as screening tool for community-dwelling patients with chronic diseases (or their caregivers) candidate to be managed through a self-management program [ 12 , 13 ]; a short-form version of the SELFY_MPI was developed for older patients who attended an ambulatory visit by their general practitioners [ 14 ]. Very recently, a telephone-administered version of the MPI (TELE-MPI) was also developed and validated for remote monitoring of older adults during COVID-19 pandemic [ 15 ].…”