Implementation of the Sino-Vietnamese Fishery Agreement: Mainly Chinese Perspective

Huang, Yao; Huang, Mingming

doi:10.4236/blr.2013.43014

Cited by 3 publications

(1 citation statement)

References 29 publications

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“…It is also important to highlight that abundances of a few fish species (e.g., S. tumbil, N. bathybius, and R. kanagurta) did not decline obviously with year, which can be explained by the fact that low stock densities may make it difficult to observe the trends, while the decrease in fish abundance also indirectly reduces the ecological competition of the fishes in the same ecological niche and maintains the abundance of the latter under fishing pressure [53]. Despite a series of fishery management and conservation measures that have been implemented by Chinese governmental agencies in the Beibu Gulf since 1999 (including a summer moratorium on marine fishing, a zero-growth policy, the introduction of marine protected areas, and marine ranching), the loopholes in the management measures and the increased fishing pressure from Vietnam have caused decreases in the fishery stocks in this region [54,55]. This trend was exacerbated by the prevalence of unidentifiable low-value and juvenile mixed catch [45,56], which ultimately resulted in the dominant species been replaced by low-value, small-size, and low-trophic-level species [36].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Climate Events on Abundance and Distribution of Major Commercial Fishes in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea

Hong

Zhang

et al. 2023

Diversity

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Improving prediction of ecological responses to climate variability requires understanding how local fish population dynamics are impacted by climate events. The present study was conducted in the Beibu Gulf of the northwestern South China Sea where the fisheries are characterized by high ecological and commercial value. We evaluated the relationship between major commercial fish population dynamics (abundance and distribution) and climate periods, using survey data from 2006–2020. The analysis using random forest and GAM models show that climate events are not the best predictors for the variations of fish abundance, because abundance of most fish stocks decreases significantly with the year, and the increasing fishing pressure over time can better explain the overall downward trend in fishery stocks. However, environmental variables that correlate significantly with interannual variation in ONI may impact fish abundance in short terms. Our research suggests that climate events leading to higher surface seawater salinity in winter favors pelagic fishes by improving habitat availability, and higher near-surface chlorophyll-α concentration during La Niña events provides better food condition for overwintering fish. In addition, there is no clear evidence that climatic events have a significant impact on gravity center of fish distribution, whereas climate change has caused most fishes to move to cooler coastal waters in the north.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Climate Events on Abundance and Distribution of Major Commercial Fishes in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea

Hong

Zhang

et al. 2023

Diversity

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Post‐SCS Arbitration Developments and Issues on Freedom of Navigation, Rights of Coastal States, and Environmental Protection in the “Area”

Mok¹,

Aai²,

Permal³

2018

Asian Politics and Policy

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On July 12, 2016, the Arbitral Tribunal constituted under Annex VII of the 1982 United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea issued its Award on the case concerning the Philippines and China. The award places China, the South China Sea claimants, ASEAN, and external parties at a crossroads that opens up various possibilities and challenges. It has generated considerable uncertainty, anchoring the region's future on how the various stakeholders react to the ruling. While parties to the disputes, together with ASEAN and external players, may not be able to resolve what is essentially a very complex problem, there have been numerous efforts to find new approaches and innovative solutions to untangling them. This article discusses pertinent issues on the legal basis of maritime rights and entitlements in the South China Sea following the award. The first part of the article discusses the award as an effort in dispute resolution procedures, the second addresses how it is perceived as contributing to destabilization in the Asia Pacific region, and the third part explores new developments postarbitration including the legal effects on freedom of navigation and coastal states’ perceptions of navigational rights, rights of overflight in their exclusive economic zones, and environmental protection in the “Area.”

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Impacts of climate events on life history parameters of major commercial fishes in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea in the last 15 years

Hong,

Zhang,

et al. 2023

Front. Mar. Sci.

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A detailed understanding of the impact of climate variability on fish life histories provides a fundamental basis for the ecosystem approach to fisheries management. In this study, we evaluated the relationship between fish life-history trait parameters and climate periods, using survey data from 2006−2020 for the Beibu Gulf of the northwestern South China Sea, a fishing ground with high commercial and ecological value. We show that climate events can significantly alter the structure of the life history for major commercial fishes, with more diverse life-history strategies during warm events and more concentrated mortality during cold events. Additionally, we detected special relationships between climate events and the life-history trait composite index (LTCI) in Psenopsis anomala and Trichiurus lepturus. It is possible that other indicators would be more appropriate than variability in Oceanic Niño Index (ONI), such as variation in fishing effort or the environmental resistance of fish. Anthropogenic disturbance and biological features may also help explain the magnitude of population variability. We found that changes in life-history traits of only a few commercial fishes (Decapterus maruadsi, Pennahia macrocephalus, and Upeneus sulphureus) were related to the shift in climate periods; these fishes were generally characterized by faster growth and higher mortality rates in the normal and El Niño periods, with the opposite trends in La Niña periods. However, the emergence of climate events has led to a clear complementarity of life-history strategies among some fish in the same ecological niche (same genus and/or feeding group), which may be explained by a balance between habitat conditions and fishing pressures. This study of fish life-history strategies under climate anomalies provides key insights into important attributes for managers to consider when implementing relevant measures to promote fisheries sustainability in the subtropical bay.

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Implementation of the Sino-Vietnamese Fishery Agreement: Mainly Chinese Perspective

Cited by 3 publications

References 29 publications

Effects of Climate Events on Abundance and Distribution of Major Commercial Fishes in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea

Effects of Climate Events on Abundance and Distribution of Major Commercial Fishes in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea

Post‐SCS Arbitration Developments and Issues on Freedom of Navigation, Rights of Coastal States, and Environmental Protection in the “Area”

Impacts of climate events on life history parameters of major commercial fishes in the Beibu Gulf, South China Sea in the last 15 years

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