Implementing e-governance using oecd model (modified) and gartner model (modified) upon agriculture of Bangladesh

Digital Government and Digital Governance: Grand Concept

“…Existing conceptual uncertainty in substantive contents of e-government and e-governance is illustrated in following contradictory academic views: (i) E-government has been classified in terms of activities and delivering models into four categories: Government to Business, (G2B), Government to Citizen (G2C), Government to Employee (G2E), and Government to Government (G2G) (Carter and Belanger, 2004).This classification of e-government is similar to Business to Business (B2B), Business to Consumer (B2C), and Consumer to Consumer (C2C) classification of e-commerce. Further, e-government phenomenon shares some common characteristics of private sector's e-commerce system, such as service delivery, applications, and their organizational impacts (Scholl, 2006); (ii) Based on interactions, divides egovernment into three categories, namely: government and business (GnB), government and citizen (GnC), and government and government (GnG), which are further divided into government to business (G2B) and business to government (B2G), government to citizen (G2C) and citizen to government (C2G), and government to government (G2G) nationally and internationally respectively (Ghayur.2006); (iii) E-Governance is the application of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for delivering Government Services, exchange of information, communication transactions, integration various standalone systems and services between Government and Citizens (G2C), Government and Business (G2B) as well as back office processes and interactions within the entire Government frame work (Saugata and Rashel, 2007); (iv) Some digital interaction tools (G2G, G2C, G2B, G2SC, C2C) is discussed as of e-government or e-governance or e-administration: Government -to-Government (G2G)belongs to definition of e-administration (example: establishing and using a common data warehouse; Government-to-Citizen (G2C)belongs to definition of egovernment (example: government organization Web Sites, E-mail communication between citizens and government officials); Government-to-Business (G2B)belongs to definition of e-government, e-commerce, e--collaboration) (example: Posting government bids on the Web, e-procurement, e-partnerships); Government-to-Civil Society Organisations (G2SC)belongs to definition of e-governance (example: electronic communications and coordination efforts after disaster); Citizen-to-Citizen (C2C) -belongs to definition of e-governance (example: electronic discussion groups on civic issues) Yildiz (2007).…”

Digital Transformations of Public Administration in Countries with Transition Economies

“…It can be used as a dependent variable in a study. But the development of Egovernment itself is an independent variable in this case (Manoharan et al 2022), as it is a component of the organization of public authorities for accessible communication with citizens, legal entities, and non-governmental organizations that represents E-government (Bose and Rashel 2007).…”

O elo perdido entre reportes financeiros XBRL, governança digital G2G e IHC

“…No entanto, devido aos problemas intrínsecos ao XBRL, tais como, necessidade de conhecimento aprofundado e escassez de suporte computacional, muitos usuários dessa linguagem ainda enfrentam dificuldades para elaborar os relatórios financeiros que as instituições de fiscalização do governo exigem. Estes problemas também degradam a eficiência da governança eletrônica de Governo-para-Governo (G2G) e de Empresaspara-Governo (E2G) (BOSE;RASHEL, 2007).…”