Implementing Safeguards-by-Design

Abstract

Safeguards-by-Design (SBD) is a new approach to the design and construction of nuclear facilities in which nuclear safeguards provisions and features are designed into the facility from the very beginning of the design process. It is a systematic and structured approach for fully integrating international and national safeguards (MC&A), physical protection, and other barriers into the design and construction process for nuclear facilities, while integrating with safety and other project considerations. Because the successful implementation of SBD is primarily a project management and coordination challenge, this report focuses on that aspect.To improve the implementation of nuclear safeguards worldwide, the United States National Nuclear Security Administration's (NNSA's) Office of International Regimes and Agreements (NA-243) commissioned a U.S. DOE National Laboratory project team to study how SBD could be implemented. This is in support of the NNSA Next Generation Safeguards Initiative (NGSI). The long term objective is to promote the global implementation of SBD so that new nuclear facilities will be designed with nuclear safeguards, safety, and physical protection features incorporated into the facility. This will make new nuclear facilities safer, more secure, and more easily safeguarded. In addressing these issues early in the design stage, it will also be more cost effective, by avoiding the costly retrofits to accommodate these requirements after the facility starts up.In 2008, the SBD project team developed a high-level framework for institutionalizing SBD. As a result, the establishment of SBD as a global standard was found to depend on three pillars: 1) Requirements Definition, including the definition of requirements and criteria for successful safeguards performance, 2) Design Processes, including project management and coordination, and 3) Design Toolkit, including the technology and methodology used in the design and assessment of performance against requirements. These in turn were seen as resting on the foundation of Institutionalization, including education, outreach, training, and standardization. Each of these areas is vital to successfully establish SBD as a global standard.The present report continues the work begun in 2008 and focuses on the design and construction process -specifically, project management and coordination. This includes project planning, definition, organization, coordination, scheduling, communication and interaction between the domestic and international safeguards authorities, facility builders, owner/operators, and other stakeholders during the design and construction of a nuclear facility. It further specifies the stages in an ideal nuclear facility design and construction project and identifies: 1) When safeguards design activities take place, 2) When safeguards stakeholders should be involved, 3) The interaction between safeguards requirements, analysis, and decision making relevant to plant design, and 4) The documents for recording this process, analysis, and de...

Gap Analysis of Advanced Reactor Construction and Safeguards Implementation

“…Assuming that there is a cost associated with additional design efforts to implement SBD, any AR vendor that intends to market its design(s) significantly within these states would put itself at a competitive disadvantage over other vendors that did not implement SBD because of the necessary increase in price to recoup these additional design efforts. Additionally, SBD implementation is recommended to begin as early as possible in the design process, such as during the preliminary design stage [17]. However, during the preliminary design stage, it is unlikely that the AR has any confirmed customers and the location of future construction of units is yet to be determined.…”

“…First, established standards for SBD would need to be developed. These standards should be a joint effort between the IAEA, states, regulators, and designers [17]. Funding for standard development will need to be established to support these joint efforts.…”

Safeguards Guidance Document for Designers of Commercial Nuclear Facilities: International Nuclear Safeguards Requirements and Practices For Uranium Enrichment Plants

“…The implementation of the Safeguards-by-Design Process is described in more detail in the reference noted. 2 The following document summarizes the requirements for international nuclear safeguards implementation at enrichment plants, and was prepared under the Safeguards-by-Design project funded by the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE) National Nuclear Security Administration (NNSA), and in support of the NNSA Next Generation Safeguards Initiative. 3 The purpose of this document is to provide designers of nuclear facilities around the world with a simplified set of design requirements and the most common practices for meeting them.…”

GPS-PYMEs: Marco de Gestión de Proyectos para el desarrollo Seguro en PYMEs

“…Finalmente, destacar que el término Security by Design, no se encuentra entre las palabras clave del sistema de clasificación de ACM-IEEE (ACM, 2012). Por lo tanto, el término ha sido buscado igualmente en todas las fuentes citadas (véase Tabla 2.10) como cadena completa, tanto entre las palabras clave como en el título, o el resumen dentro de las referencias encontradas y que estuvieran relacionadas con el tema de la tesis encontrándose las siguientes referencias primarias (Mead, y otros, 2010), (Bjornard, Bean, Hockert, & Morgan, 2010), (Espinar, Maña, & Koshutanski, 2013), (Security Innovation, 2012), (Cavoukian & Dixon, 2013), y (Chow, 2014).…”

“…-Security by Design: , (Bjornard, Bean, Hockert, & Morgan, 2010), (Security Innovation, 2012), (Luna, Suri, & Krontiris, 2012), (Espinar, Maña, & Koshutanski, 2013), (Kobashi, y otros, 2013), (Cavoukian & Dixon, 2013) y (Chow, 2014) -Otras Iniciativas de modelos: (Sánchez, Santos-Olmo, & Piattini, 2009), , (Mani & Mead, 2014), (SAFECode, 2011), (Massacci & Paci, 2012), (Uzunov, Falkner, & Fernández, 2015). -Políticas de seguridad en el ciclo de vida del proyecto: (TAHO, 2013a), (TAHO, 2013b), (TAHO, 2013c) (TAHO, 2013d) y (SANS, 2007) -Planificación: (DHHS, 2008).…”