Implementing the SDG 2, 6 and 7 Nexus in Kenya—A Case Study of Solar Powered Water Pumping for Human Consumption and Irrigation

Silva, Izael Da; Ronoh, Geoffrey; Maranga, Ignatius; Odhiambo, Mathew; Kiyegga, Raymond

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-26759-9_55

Cited by 5 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…The worst situation is found in the MENA area. Due to the fragmented and heterogeneous institutions and the feeling that territorial sovereignty prevails over cooperative management, the cross-border nature of the basins complicates the proper planning, development, and management of water resources [82][83][84]. This results in difficulty in allocating available water resources between Countries fairly and reasonably.…”

Section: (Ii) Transboundary Waters Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health of the Water Planet: Challenges and Opportunities in the Mediterranean Area. An Overview

Vinci

Maddaloni

Mancini

et al. 2021

Earth

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According to the United Nations (2020), since the 1980s, the global overall rate of water use has grown by 1% per year, and it is projected that, by 2050, humanity’s water footprint could exceed 30% of current levels. This situation is in stark contrast to the path toward the Sustainable Development Goals, especially Goal 6, “clean water and sanitation”, which also influences Goal 14, “life below water”, and Goal 15, “life on land”. This is because the availability of water directly affects the food security and production capacity of each Country, and therefore its management is a crucial issue worthy of particular attention. Problems related to water security are particularly evident in the Mediterranean area, which is already facing high environmental challenges. It is an area severely affected by global warming; thus, it is one of the most vulnerable environments to climate change globally. It follows that the improper management of water resources could further worsen an already alarming situation. This research aims to study the main water-related challenges that Mediterranean Countries face, highlighting the significant problems that weaken each Country. In this regard, the indicators relating to Goal 6 were considered, to define each Country’s current state. However, for a correct understanding, the main problems these Countries face were researched through a critical review of the literature (Scopus, Google Scholar, Web of Science). In this way, we were able to underline the effects of human activities on the hydrosphere and the repercussions on various ecosystems, following the drivers-pressures-state-impact-response causal framework. The results suggest that there is still a long way for Mediterranean Countries to progress toward Agenda 2030, as they face problems related to chemical (nitrate, microplastics, heavy metals, pesticides, etc.) and biological (E. coli and other microorganisms) pollution, as well as saline aquifers, absent or obsolete infrastructures, and transboundary basins. Hence, this study aims to provide valuable tools for a better evaluation of water management in Mediterranean Countries.

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Section: (Ii) Transboundary Waters Issuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Health of the Water Planet: Challenges and Opportunities in the Mediterranean Area. An Overview

Vinci

Maddaloni

Mancini

et al. 2021

Earth

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“…Besides wind [2], solar power is recognized as the second widely accepted renewable energy source [3,4]. It has been one of the most successful energy sources, having spread to provide a wide range of applications such as irrigation [5], tourism [6], solar farming [7], automobiles [8][9][10], street lighting [11,12], and water heating [13,14]. Solar energy can be converted into a usable energy source with the help of a photovoltaic (PV) cell/module, which transforms the encapsulated sunlight into electricity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parameter estimation of three-diode solar photovoltaic model using an Improved-African Vultures optimization algorithm with Newton–Raphson method

Kumar¹,

Mary²

2021

J Comput Electron

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Parameter identification and accurate photovoltaic (PV) modeling from basic I-V information are necessary for simulation, optimization, and control of the PV systems. Therefore, this paper proposes an Improved-African Vultures Optimization (I-AVO) algorithm, which combines the general Opposition-Based Learning (OBL) and Orthogonal Learning to extract the unknown parameters of the solar Photovoltaic (PV) modules accurately and effectually. The proposed I-AVO algorithm is developed from the basic version of the recently proposed African Vultures Optimization (AVO) algorithm. The solar PV parameters estimation problem is considered to be a complex optimization problem with the characteristics such as multidimensional, nonlinear, Transcendental, and multi-modal. Therefore, the basic variant of AVO struggles to produce the optimal and is stuck at local optima when it handles this complex optimization problem. Therefore, the I-AVO is formulated by combining the features of OL and OBL, along with the AVO, to generate the optimal solution. Out of various PV models, Three-Diode Model has been considered to determine the parameters. Furthermore, Newton-Raphson (NR) technique is discussed to solve the chaotic behavior of the I-V curve relation. The obtained results proved that the proposed I-AVO along with NR, called I-AVO-NR, can accurately obtain the optimal solution. The superiority of the proposed algorithm is proved to be better than other advanced algorithms based on the obtained results and their comparison. Based on the statistical test value obtained from Friedman's test, the proposed algorithm stood first among eight algorithms with the ranking value of 1.542 for two case studies.

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External Support for Solar-Powered Water Pumping Systems in Rural Areas: A Systematic Review

Miller,

Appling,

Ellis

et al. 2024

Environ. Sci. Technol.

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The Sustainable Development Goals emphasize coordination and integration between sectors. Solar-powered submersible water pumping systems are versatile technology that help address community drinking water, irrigation, and electricity needs. Stakeholders external to the community, particularly solar photovoltaic experts, are vital in ensuring continued system services; however, there has been no comprehensive assessment of different solar-powered water pumping system support efforts. This review is the first to systematically evaluate external support for solar-powered systems from multiple regions and implementing organizations. We reviewed solar-powered water pumping system literature to identify implemented external support and factors that affect implementation. Publication databases, organization Web sites, and citations were searched. Seventy-four studies were included and evaluated using inductive coding and thematic synthesis. We derived a framework that organized support activities and factors into three nested levels of implementation: system, program, and sector. For support efforts implemented after 2010, most support providers worked at all levels. Each provider type worked at levels aligned with their knowledge and resources and complementary to other providers' work. Drivers of support specific to solar-powered water systems were the existence of solar photovoltaic markets and infrastructure, support providers experienced with solar photovoltaics, and government and community solar advocates. We grouped support factors that study authors associated with system functionality into four categories: location and quality of support, reliability of support arrangements, frequency and timeliness of support, and policy and regulatory environment. No study outlined support for multiple uses of the systems or end-of-lifecycle care of solar panels. Solar-powered water pumping systems provide multiple community services, and their management will be bolstered by support providers collaborating to optimally apply their skill sets and create support plans that comprehensively address system versatility.

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Implementing the SDG 2, 6 and 7 Nexus in Kenya—A Case Study of Solar Powered Water Pumping for Human Consumption and Irrigation

Cited by 5 publications

References 0 publications

The Health of the Water Planet: Challenges and Opportunities in the Mediterranean Area. An Overview

The Health of the Water Planet: Challenges and Opportunities in the Mediterranean Area. An Overview

Parameter estimation of three-diode solar photovoltaic model using an Improved-African Vultures optimization algorithm with Newton–Raphson method

External Support for Solar-Powered Water Pumping Systems in Rural Areas: A Systematic Review

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