2002
DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(02)02692-3
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Implication of natural killer T cells in atherosclerosis development during a LPS‐induced chronic inflammation

Abstract: Atherosclerosis has many features of a chronic inflammatory disease. To evaluate the role of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), mimicking a systemic infection, we administered the endotoxin to apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mice. LPS injections increase the atherosclerotic lesion size and the titer of plasma autoantibodies directed against oxidized low-density lipoprotein. We found that Th1 and Th2 T cells help the activation of B cells in the autoimmune response. The number of interleukin-4 producing natural killer… Show more

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Cited by 151 publications
(130 citation statements)
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“…Higher than normal endotoxin levels are associated with a threefold higher risk of developing atherosclerosis (108). Moreover, endotoxemia enhances formation and progression of early atherosclerotic lesions in a mouse model (109). This suggests that a "chronic" gram negative infection that causes endotoxemia could potentially aggravate the atherosclerotic process.…”
Section: Cardiovascular Diseasementioning
confidence: 99%
“…Higher than normal endotoxin levels are associated with a threefold higher risk of developing atherosclerosis (108). Moreover, endotoxemia enhances formation and progression of early atherosclerotic lesions in a mouse model (109). This suggests that a "chronic" gram negative infection that causes endotoxemia could potentially aggravate the atherosclerotic process.…”
Section: Cardiovascular Diseasementioning
confidence: 99%
“…14 In vivo studies have also documented an increase in atherosclerotic lesion size with LPS administration. 15 During the course of lipid accumulation, fatty acids present in macrophages associate with cytoplasmic fatty acid-binding proteins (FABPs) for intracellular transport. 16 The adipocyte FABP (aP2; also known as FABP4) is a marker of terminal adipocyte differentiation and is under transcriptional regulation by fatty acids in these cells.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Their ligands include pathogen-associated molecular patterns such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a gram-negative endotoxin. 1 LPS is known to stimulate monocytes, macrophages, and neutrophils through the activation of transcription factors resulting in increased proinflammatory responses, 2,3 associated with release of cytokines and other soluble mediators. As such, infectious agents that create a heightened state of the inflammatory response are likely to directly stimulate the endothelial lining of blood vessels.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%