Implications of livestock feeding management on soil fertility in the smallholder farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa

Delve, Robert J.; Cadisch, Georg; Tanner, J.C.; Thorpe, W.R.; Thorne, P.J.; Giller, Ken E.

doi:10.1016/s0167-8809(00)00244-9

Cited by 61 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…This is explained by the high amounts of protein and energy feeds offered to fattening small ruminants. The N balance obtained in HI cattle (1454.1 mg N/ kg 0.75 /day) is much lower than that obtained for sheep/goats (11762.4 mg N/kg 0.75 /day), but is higher than the 270.4 mg N/kg 0.75 /day calculated for Friesian-Ayrshire steers in smallholder farming systems in the central highlands of Kenya (Delve et al, 2001). These nutrient surpluses could be reduced through a better feeding strategy: by partitioning the total amount of feed offered into two to three portions per day to reduce spillage (Jonker et al, 2002;Rotz, 2004), by grouping animals according to age/weight and physiological status (St-Pierre and Thraen, 1999) and by adjusting the daily supply of protein and energy to the animals' requirements.…”

Section: Cattlecontrasting

confidence: 60%

Resource use efficiency in urban and peri-urban sheep, goat and cattle enterprises

Diogo

Buerkert

Schlecht

2010

Animal

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Urban livestock husbandry receives growing attention given the increasing urban demand for livestock products. At the same time, little is known about the resource use efficiency in urban livestock enterprises and eventual negative externalities. In livestock production, feeds are an important resource whose nutrients are transformed into products (meat and milk) to generate financial return to the producer. The lack of knowledge on nutrient supply through feed might lead to oversupply with severe environmental impacts. In Niamey, a typical West African city and capital of the Republic of Niger, urban livestock production is constrained by feed scarcity, especially during the dry season. Here, the issue of resource use efficiency was studied in 13 representative and differently managed sheep/goat and cattle enterprises characterized by high and low feed inputs, respectively, during a period of 28 months. Nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P) and potassium (K) inflows into each farm through livestock feeds and outflows through manure were determined using a semi-structured questionnaire; interviews were accompanied by regular weighing of feed supplied and dung produced. Live weight gain (LWG) and efficiency of conversion of total feed dry matter offered (kg TDMO/kg LWG) were computed along with nutrient balances (NBs) per metabolic body mass (kg 0.75 ). NBs (per kg 0.75 /day) in the high-input (HI) sheep/goat enterprises were 11762.4 mg N, 1127.2 mg P and 11363.5 mg K and were significantly greater (P , 0.05) than those in low-input (LI) units (169.1 mg N, 298.3 mg P and 116.5 mg K). In HI cattle enterprises, daily balances averaged 1454.1 mg N, 140.1 mg P and 1341.8 mg K compared to 134.4 mg N, 29.0 mg P and 168.3 mg K (P . 0.05) in LI cattle systems. All systems were characterized by poor conversion efficiencies of offered feed, which ranged from 13.5 to 46.1 kg TDMO/kg LWG in cattle and from 15.7 to 43.4 kg TDMO/kg LWG in sheep/goats. LWG in HI sheep/goats was 53 g/day in the rainy season, 86 g/day in the hot dry season and 104 g/day in the cool dry season, while HI cattle lost 79 g/day in the hot dry season and gained 121 g/day and 92 g/day in the cool dry and rainy seasons, respectively. The data indicate that there is nutrient wasting and scope for improvement of feeding strategies in Niamey's livestock enterprises, which might also decrease nutrient losses to the urban environment.

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Section: Cattlecontrasting

confidence: 60%

Resource use efficiency in urban and peri-urban sheep, goat and cattle enterprises

Diogo

Buerkert

Schlecht

2010

Animal

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“…The production from shrubs and trees and crops residues also take part in the biomass consumption of the livestock [7,28] . According to the elaborated schema, the livestock can consume crops residues after harvesting.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The coefficient (K) corresponds to a rate of maximum exploitation of the aerial biomass, rate beyond of which the pastureland degradation becomes visible [4,7] . The estimations relating to this coefficient are variable according to the types of pastureland and the livestock.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation Planning for Sustainable Use of Land Resources: Case study in Diamou

Yacouba¹,

Hu²,

Abdulahi³

2009

Journal of Mathematics and Statistics

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Abstract:In this study, we presented the simulation planning scheme to project land and land resources use changes at a local scale for Diamou (MALI). Problem statement: All the land cover types were under the influence of human and livestock population. Diamou has undergone changes in land-cover over the last decades. The shifting cultivation system practiced was probably the main reason for this state of affairs. Moreover, the dryness and extensive character of pastoral activities had contributed to the general degradation of natural resources. The principal objective of our study was to contribute to the sustainable use of land resources from 1999-2010. Approach: Using formula the resources supply and demand had been estimated based on statistics data, derived from a comprehensive review of the literature. The resources balance (difference between supply and demand) had been estimated for two years 1999 and 2010.The resources demand were measured by an average consumption needs person −1 day −1 multiplied by the population. For the livestock population the biomass demand and supply had been measured based on TLU dietary requirements and the pastureland carrying capacity. The diagram of resources balances were drawn using word Microsoft word command and the simulation land use areas schema using ArcGIS. Results: From present approach, it was found, that, in year 1999 the fuel wood and cereal balances were negative. The drink water and biomass balances were positive. The dominant land use categories were the pastureland and the cropland, occupying about 52 and 45% of total area respectively of the total area 8876 ha. Except the biomass balance in year 2010, all the resources balance were negative. The drink water and fuel wood deficits were equal to 439 and 2801 m³ respectively. The dominant land use class, a cropland covered approximately 45% of total area. Conclusion: Studies had indicated the cereal, fuel wood and drink water resources deficit in years 1999 and 2010.

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“…However, during processing the excreted lost nutrients due among other things to handling food animal that affect the characteristics excreta; It is known about pigs fed with forage in their diet have changes in the characteristics and nitrogen partition in excreta [7] and [13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Supply Chain to Industrialization of Pig Excrete by Biotransformation to Increase Corn Performance

Romero¹

2015

AJAF

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Abstract:The objective of this work is evaluate manure of Mexican Hairless Pig (MHP) from the three energy levels: high 3.5, medium 2.5 and under 1.5 of metabolizable energy for maintenance (MEM) kg body weight -1 processed as fertilizer in shape in dry, mature and fresh for corn yield. In this work was established a design completely randomized with factorial arrangement 3 x 3 with 3 replications. The excreta of pigs fed with medium and low levels promoted (p ≤ 0.05 y p <0.01) higher content of forage in dry matter (DM) and excreta from high levels increased (p ≤ 0.05 y p <0.01) the content of nitrogen retained in the plant. The manure dry and mature increased 12.5% diameter and 15% leaf area in corn plants, with respect to fresh excreta. The dry manure promoted 6.1% the number of leafs with respect to mature and fresh excreta. The manure dry and mature increased 21.2% content DM in plant, 18.8% cob, and 26% grain with respect to fresh excreta. The dry excrete high level, excelled in most of the variables evaluated, followed by excrete dry from the medium and excrete mature from the level medium and lower.

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Implications of livestock feeding management on soil fertility in the smallholder farming systems of sub-Saharan Africa

Cited by 61 publications

References 38 publications

Resource use efficiency in urban and peri-urban sheep, goat and cattle enterprises

Resource use efficiency in urban and peri-urban sheep, goat and cattle enterprises

Simulation Planning for Sustainable Use of Land Resources: Case study in Diamou

Supply Chain to Industrialization of Pig Excrete by Biotransformation to Increase Corn Performance

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