Implications of multiple fluids in the deposition of Pb-Zn-Ba deposits in the Alvand Mountain, Golpayegan, Iran: Evidence from fluid inclusions and O, C, S isotopes

Nejadhadad, Mostafa; Taghipour, Batoul; Lentz, David R.

doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2023.105300

Cited by 8 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 102 publications

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“…; Figure 8b). This variation can be commonly explained by the mixing of multiple fluids during ore deposition [67,73]. In addition, there are three groups of fluid inclusions with distinct Th and salinities in the Maoping deposit (Figure 10a 3) were significantly higher than those of magmatic fluids (+7 to +9%; [74]) and were similar to those of metamorphic fluids (+5 to +25%; [74]).…”

Section: Definition For Two Types Of Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…; Figure 8b). This variation can be commonly explained by the mixing of multiple fluids during ore deposition [67,73]. In addition, there are three groups of fluid inclusions with distinct T h and salinities in the Maoping deposit (Figure 10a temperatures (135 to 390 °C; Figure 8a) and salinities (0.2 to 21.3 wt.% NaCl eqv.…”

Section: Definition For Two Types Of Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…The effect of the activity of reduced sulfur is considered the most important factor that controls the solubility of Pb and Zn in the fluids [116]. The occurrence of reduced sulfur in the fluids limits the base metal concentrations in the fluids to only a few ppm [73]. Thus, the reduced sulfur model is not suitable for high-grade deposits.…”

Section: Implications For Carbonate-hosted Deposits In the Sygmbmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mixing in Two Types of Fluids Responsible for Some Carbonate-Hosted Pb–Zn Deposits, SW China: Insights from the Maoping Deposit

et al. 2023

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Carbonate-hosted Pb–Zn deposits are of major economic importance. The Sichuan–Yunnan–Guizhou metallogenetic belt (SYGMB), located on the western margin of the Yangtze Block, comprises over 400 carbonated-hosted Pb–Zn deposits. However, ore-forming fluids recorded in these deposits have led to controversy regarding ore genesis. We investigated a fluid system for the Maoping deposit in the SYGMB, based on fluid inclusions, and H–O–He–Ar isotopic studies. The results showed that ore-forming fluids in the Maoping deposit are characterized by mixing of high-temperature and low-salinity metamorphic fluids and low-temperature and high-salinity basinal brines. The Precambrian basement is considered to produce metamorphic fluids, while the basinal brines are said to originate from the Youjiang Basin. The mineralization at the depositional site appears to reflect the coincidence of the metamorphic fluids, basinal brines, Carboniferous coal seams, and structural-stratigraphic traps. Regional-scale data show large-scale heterogeneity in fluid properties, including basinal brines, metamorphic fluids, and organic fluids. Furthermore, the data suggest a precipitation model for some high-grade Pb–Zn deposits in the SYGMB. These findings will contribute to an understanding of deposit types in the SYGMB.

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Section: Definition For Two Types Of Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…; Figure 8b). This variation can be commonly explained by the mixing of multiple fluids during ore deposition [67,73]. In addition, there are three groups of fluid inclusions with distinct T h and salinities in the Maoping deposit (Figure 10a temperatures (135 to 390 °C; Figure 8a) and salinities (0.2 to 21.3 wt.% NaCl eqv.…”

Section: Definition For Two Types Of Fluidsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Section: Implications For Carbonate-hosted Deposits In the Sygmbmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mixing in Two Types of Fluids Responsible for Some Carbonate-Hosted Pb–Zn Deposits, SW China: Insights from the Maoping Deposit

et al. 2023

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“…variations (Figure 8). These variations are often attributed to fluid mixing during the ore deposition processes [23][24][25][26]. The inclusions in the HD3 dolomite demonstrate the properties of metamorphic fluids in terms of both temperature and salinity.…”

Section: Fluid Mixingmentioning

confidence: 97%

Fluid Mixing, Organic Matter, and the Origin of Permian Carbonate-Hosted Pb-Zn Deposits in SW China: New Insights from the Fuli Deposit

Liang,

Li,

Zhang

et al. 2024

Minerals

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The Fuli Pb-Zn deposit is situated at the southwestern margin of the Yangtze Block in Yunnan. The deposit, which is hosted in the Permian Yangxin Formation dolomite, is a recent discovery. Our study indicates a significant presence of fluid inclusions in sphalerite from the Fuli Pb-Zn deposit, with fewer inclusions observed in dolomite and calcite. We conducted comprehensive petrographic, microthermometric, and laser Raman analyses on the inclusions within sphalerite and dolomite. Additionally, six samples of dolomite from the mineralization period were selected for H-O isotope analysis. The results of our study reveal the characteristics of ore-forming fluids and explore the mechanisms of ore formation. The study results indicate that the Fuli Pb-Zn deposit is a low- to medium-temperature hydrothermal deposit with fluid inclusions mainly composed of two-phase gas-liquid inclusions. Salinity and homogenization temperature analyses affirmed that there are two types of fluids present, one with low salinity and the other with high salinity. Laser Raman tests demonstrated the presence of CH4, N2, and CO2 in the gas phase of the inclusions. Microthermometric analyses indicated that the sphalerite ore-forming fluids consist of a multicomponent system of Mg2+ and Ca2+ enriched fluids. The features of the ore-forming fluids in the Fuli deposit arise from a blend of high-temperature, low-salinity metamorphic fluids and low-temperature, high-salinity basin brines. The basin brines in question have the potential to emanate from the Youjiang Basin. The formation of the ore is ascribed to the TSR and the mixing of fluids. The combination of these processes provided the requisite materials (SO42−), catalysts (Mg2+), and reducing agents (organic matter, CH4, and H2S) required to initiate the thermochemical sulfate reduction (TSR). As the TSR proceeded, it caused a shift in the pH of the fluids, thus promoting the precipitation of metal sulfides.

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Formation of barite in the Ab Torsh deposit, Kerman province, Iran: Insights from rare earth elements, O and S isotopes, and fluid inclusions

Hormozi,

Ehya,

Paydar

et al. 2023

Geochemistry

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Implications of multiple fluids in the deposition of Pb-Zn-Ba deposits in the Alvand Mountain, Golpayegan, Iran: Evidence from fluid inclusions and O, C, S isotopes

Cited by 8 publications

References 102 publications

Mixing in Two Types of Fluids Responsible for Some Carbonate-Hosted Pb–Zn Deposits, SW China: Insights from the Maoping Deposit

Mixing in Two Types of Fluids Responsible for Some Carbonate-Hosted Pb–Zn Deposits, SW China: Insights from the Maoping Deposit

Fluid Mixing, Organic Matter, and the Origin of Permian Carbonate-Hosted Pb-Zn Deposits in SW China: New Insights from the Fuli Deposit

Formation of barite in the Ab Torsh deposit, Kerman province, Iran: Insights from rare earth elements, O and S isotopes, and fluid inclusions

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