Implications of sperm heat shock protein 70-2 in bull fertility

Abstract

Heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) is one of the most abundant chaperone proteins. Their function is well documented in facilitating the protein synthesis, translocation, de novo folding, and ordering of multiprotein complexes. HSP70 in bovine consists of four genes: HSP70-1, HSP70-2, HSP70-3, and HSP70-4. HSP70-2 was found to be involved in fertility. Current knowledge implicates HSP70-2 in sperm quality, sperm capacitation, sperm–egg recognition, and fertilization essential for bull reproduction. HSP70-2 is also involved in the biological processes of spermatogenesis, as it protects cells from the effects of apoptosis and oxidative stress. Fertilization success is not only determined by the amount of sperm found in the female reproductive tract but also by the functional ability of the sperm. However, subfertility is more likely to be associated with changes in sperm molecular dynamics not detectable using conventional methods. As such, molecular analyses and omics methods have been developed to monitor crucial aspects of sperm molecular morphology that are important for sperm functions, which are the objectives of this review.

Identification of heat shock protein70-2 and protamine-1 mRNA, proteins, and analyses of their association with fertility using frozen-thawed sperm in Madura bulls

“…Chen et al [26] have previously reported that the mRNA for HSP70 is involved in biological functions, especially in energy metabolism processes for sperm motility. Our study has also demonstrated a strong correlation between HSP70-2 and motility (p<0.01) (Table 5), thus reinforcing the hypothesis put forth by Chen et al [26] that, part addition to being involved in energy metabolism processes, HSP70 also prevents apoptosis due to heat stress and modulates the balance between dead and living cells [7]. Ramesha et al [27] also reported that HSP70, which plays a role in spermoocyte recognition, is found on the surface of the sperm plasma membrane, in the acrosome region, and is also detected during the capacitation process.…”

A proteomic approach to identifying spermatozoa proteins in Indonesian native Madura bulls

“…Heat stress damages developing spermatozoa. However, heat tolerance can be inherited by offspring ( 3 ). According to the relevant literature, Madura cattle are a native breed of beef cow thought to have developed on the dry and barren island of Madura ( 3 ).…”

“…However, heat tolerance can be inherited by offspring ( 3 ). According to the relevant literature, Madura cattle are a native breed of beef cow thought to have developed on the dry and barren island of Madura ( 3 ). Madura Island receives 1600 mm of rain annually and is hot and arid ( 31 ).…”

“…Madura Island receives 1600 mm of rain annually and is hot and arid ( 31 ). HSPs are linked to heat tolerance and reproductive performance ( 3 , 32 ). In this study, HSPA9 and HSPA2 were found to be ubiquitously expressed.…”

“…One of the most differentiated cells is the sperm head, which has a highly compacted chromatin structure and an enormous midpiece that contains the machinery required to interact and transfer paternal genetic and epigenetic information to the oocyte ( 2 ). Due to their high level of differentiation, sperm is suitable for studying proteomic sections, such as the sperm membrane, which is the most crucial part because of its role in interacting with the environment and the oocyte ( 3 ). The fusion of a sperm and an oocyte requires complex membrane modifications of the sperm ( 4 ).…”