Implosion of the Argentinian submarine ARA San Juan S-42 undersea: Modeling and simulation

Analysis of the possibility of a submarine implosion using finite element method

“…The section is assumed to be symmetrical on all sides. This simplification is not entirely consistent with reality, as shown in work [14]. However, the authors of [14] did not consider the specific nature of the work and construction of the submarine.…”

“…This simplification is not entirely consistent with reality, as shown in work [14]. However, the authors of [14] did not consider the specific nature of the work and construction of the submarine. The design of submarines is divided into single-hull and multi-hull.…”

“…Standardised samples for material testing were made from the obtained material. Determination of the material characteristics according to [13,14] is a topic for a separate manuscript, and it is presented here [13]. The authors proposed a material model based on the Johnson-Cook equation [14] and appropriate failure parameters [15,16] based on the obtained data.…”

“…Determination of the material characteristics according to [13,14] is a topic for a separate manuscript, and it is presented here [13]. The authors proposed a material model based on the Johnson-Cook equation [14] and appropriate failure parameters [15,16] based on the obtained data. To summarize, the tested HY-80 steel can be described by the following parameters: (…”

“…The light hull includes, for example, a superstructure or ballast tanks. In the quoted study [14], the authors put a load on the ship's outer skin, which is not entirely appropriate. In addition, there are various openings in the ship's shell, which are local deviations from the cylindrical structure of the hull.…”