Importance and Effect of Nitrogen on Crop Quality and Health

Blumenthal, Jürg M.; Baltensperger, David D.; Cassman, Kenneth G.; Mason, Stephen; Pavlišta, Alexander D.

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-374347-3.00003-2

Cited by 87 publications

(36 citation statements)

References 56 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…However, the total seed oil content of the ULGCS lines was higher than that of the control plants, and the differences were statistically significant in most cases (Figure ). In oilseed crops, oil and protein constituents are synthesized at different rates and times during seed development (Blumenthal et al ., ). Gallup (, ) showed that the accumulation of oil and gossypol in the cottonseed occurs at about the same time.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…There are several reports showing that the protein and oil contents of cottonseed are negatively correlated (Horn et al ., ; Pandey and Thejappa, ; Stansbury et al ., ). In oil seed crops, nitrogen fertilization results in higher protein levels in the seed while reducing the oil content (Blumenthal et al ., ). Such an effect of nitrogen fertilization has been shown for sunflower (Geleta et al ., ; Mathers and Stewart, ; Steer et al ., ), rapeseed (Holmes and Ainsley, ; Krogman and Hobbs, ), soybean (Hassan et al ., ; Jadhav et al ., ) and cotton (Sawan et al ., ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

See 1 more Smart Citation

RNAi‐mediated Ultra‐low gossypol cottonseed trait: performance of transgenic lines under field conditions

Palle

Campbell

Pandeya

et al. 2012

Plant Biotechnology Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

SummaryCottonseed remains a low-value by-product of lint production mainly due to the presence of toxic gossypol that makes it unfit for monogastrics. Ultra-low gossypol cottonseed (ULGCS) lines were developed using RNAi knockdown of d-cadinene synthase gene(s) in Gossypium hirsutum.The purpose of the current study was to assess the stability and specificity of the ULGCS trait and evaluate the agronomic performance of the transgenic lines. Trials conducted over a period of 3 years show that the ULGCS trait was stable under field conditions and the foliage/floral organs of transgenic lines contained wild-type levels of gossypol and related terpenoids. Although it was a relatively small-scale study, we did not observe any negative effects on either the yield or quality of the fibre and seed in the transgenic lines compared with the nontransgenic parental plants. Compositional analysis was performed on the seeds obtained from plants grown in the field during 2009. As expected, the major difference between the ULGCS and wild-type cottonseeds was in terms of their gossypol levels. With the exception of oil content, the composition of ULGCS was similar to that of nontransgenic cottonseeds. Interestingly, the ULGCS had significantly higher (4%-8%) oil content compared with the seeds from the nontransgenic parent. Field trial results confirmed the stability and specificity of the ULGCS trait suggesting that this RNAi-based product has the potential to be commercially viable. Thus, it may be possible to enhance and expand the nutritional utility of the annual cottonseed output to fulfil the ever-increasing needs of humanity.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

RNAi‐mediated Ultra‐low gossypol cottonseed trait: performance of transgenic lines under field conditions

Palle

Campbell

Pandeya

et al. 2012

Plant Biotechnology Journal

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Too much application of N and K often resulted in excessive vegetative growth of groundnut and larger biomass yield ( Annadurai et al., 2009 ). Blumenthal et al. (2008) reported that adding N fertilizer to crop resulted in higher biomass yields, protein content of the yield and N concentration in plant tissue.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of starter nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates on yield and yield components, grain protein content of groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) and residual soil nitrogen content in a semiarid north Ethiopia

Tekulu¹,

Taye

Assefa

2020

Heliyon

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Increasing costs of chemical fertilizers, environmental concerns of their application and demand for protein foods, placed an extensive interest in growing of legume crops for human nutrition, and soil fertility replenishment. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilizers on parameters of phenology, growth performance, grain yield, yield components, grain protein content of groundnut, and residual soil nitrogen content in the northern Ethiopia during the growing season of 2017. Three levels of N (0, 15 and 30 kg ha −1 ) and four levels of P 2 O 5 (0, 23, 46 and 69 kg ha −1 ) were set in factorial combinations of randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that an average total biomass yield increased by 22.5% for separate individual application of 15 kg N ha −1 and by 16.6% for 46 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 compared to control plots. Haulm yield increased by 29.17% for plots treated with N fertilization compared to control plots. Average pod yield increased by 85.4% for a combined application of 15 kg N ha −1 and 46 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 fertilizers compared to the control plots. Plots fertilized with the highest combined rates of N and P have attained lower grain yield compared to the combined application of 15 kg N ha −1 and 46 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 . The highest grain protein contents were obtained for a combined application of 30 kg N ha −1 and zero P, and 15 kg N ha −1 plus 46 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 . The highest N harvest index was obtained for control treatments and for plots treated with combined application of 15 kg N ha −1 and 46 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 . Residual soil N content increased by 119% on plots with combined application of 15 kg N ha −1 and 46 P 2 O 5 ha −1 compared to control plots. Based on our results, combined application of 15 kg N ha −1 and 46 kg P 2 O 5 ha −1 was recommended for increasing grain yield, grain protein content and residual soil nitrogen. The results of this study are crucial to improve groundnut productivity, grain protein content and also to provide implication on soil fertility management in a crop rotation system.

show abstract

“…Averaged across bio-fertilizer applications, head rice yield was significantly increased from 56.8±0.7 % to 60.5±0.6 % when N rate increased from 0 to 150 kg ha -1 (Table 2). The positive influence of nitrogen on head rice yield is contributed to this fact that N fertilization increases the packing of protein matrix between endosperm starches in rice grains and grain protein makes it more resistant to cracking and breakage during milling process (Blumenthal et al, 2008). Leesawatwong et al (2005) also noted that the head rice yield was positively correlated with relative abundance of the storage protein in the lateral section of the endosperm of rice kernels.…”

Section: Milling Yield and Head Rice Yieldmentioning

confidence: 91%

Grain, milling, and head rice yields as affected by nitrogen rate and bio-fertilizer application

Firouzi

2015

AAS

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

To evaluate the effects of nitrogen rate and bio-fertilizer application on grain, milling, and head rice yields, a field experiment was conducted at Rice Research Station of Tonekabon, Iran, in 2013. The experimental design was a factorial treatment arrangement in a randomized complete block with three replicates. Factors were three N rates (0, 75, and 150 kg ha-1) and two bio-fertilizer applications (inoculation and uninoculation with Nitroxin, a liquid bio-fertilizer containing Azospirillum spp. and Azotobacter spp. bacteria). Analysis of variance showed that rice grain yield, panicle number per m2, grain number per panicle, flag leaves area, biological yield, grains N concentration and uptake, grain protein concentration, and head rice yield were significantly affected by N rate, while bio-fertilizer application had significant effect on rice grain yield, grain number per panicle, flag leaves area, biological yield, harvest index, grains N concentration and uptake, and grain protein concentration. Results showed that regardless of bio-fertilizer application, rice grain and biological yields were significantly increased as N application rate increased from 0 to 75 kg ha-1, but did not significantly increase at the higher N rate (150 kg ha-1). Grain yield was significantly increased following bio-fertilizer application when averaged across N rates. Grains N concentration and uptake were significantly increased as N rate increased up to 75 kg ha-1, but further increases in N rate had no significant effect on these traits. Bio-fertilizer application increased significantly grains N concentration and uptake, when averaged across N rates. Regardless of bio-fertilizer application, head rice yield was significantly increased from 56 % to 60 % when N rate increased from 0 to 150 kg ha-1. Therefore, this experiment illustrated that rice grain and head yields increased with increasing N rate, while bio-fertilizer application increased only rice grain yield.

show abstract

Importance and Effect of Nitrogen on Crop Quality and Health

Cited by 87 publications

References 56 publications

RNAi‐mediated Ultra‐low gossypol cottonseed trait: performance of transgenic lines under field conditions

RNAi‐mediated Ultra‐low gossypol cottonseed trait: performance of transgenic lines under field conditions

Effect of starter nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer rates on yield and yield components, grain protein content of groundnut (Arachis Hypogaea L.) and residual soil nitrogen content in a semiarid north Ethiopia

Grain, milling, and head rice yields as affected by nitrogen rate and bio-fertilizer application

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About