Importance, determinants and gender dimensions of forest income in eastern highlands of Ethiopia: The case of communities around Jelo Afromontane forest

Asfaw, Adanech; Lemenih, Mulugeta; Kassa, Habtemariam; Ewnetu, Zeleke

doi:10.1016/j.forpol.2013.01.005

Cited by 94 publications

(60 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…For instance, Babulo et al (2008) reported up to 69% contribution of forest income to a household's annual economy in northern rural Ethiopia. Similarly, Asfaw et al (2013) based on their study in Jelo forest, eastern Ethiopia, found the annual contribution of forests to be 33% and the second largest in the household annual income.…”

Section: Discussion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Bamboo Resources in Ethiopia: Their value chain and contribution to livelihoods

Mekonnen

Worku²,

Yohannes³

et al. 2014

Ethnobot. Res. App.

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linkage among actors. Access to market is difficult for a majority (88%) of the producers, and hence they sell bamboo culms and other product forms locally, mainly in roadside markets. Despite the inefficient value chains, 85% of the respondents indicated an increasing trend of demand for bamboo products. Market assessment for bamboo culms showed a price elasticity of demand, which is the change in quantity divided by change in price, up to Research AbstractEthiopia has an estimated one million hectares of natural bamboo forest, the largest in the African continent. Despite the versatile resource base and advanced bamboo utilization at a global scale, its great potential to enhance socio-economic and ecological development remains unrealized in Ethiopia. More importantly, recent observations in the country showed massive bamboo flowering followed by a death that urges management interventions. The objective of this study was to examine the socio-economic contribution of bamboo resources and typify their marketing value chain across major bamboo-growing and -marketing regions in Ethiopia, in order to promote its sustainable management. Structured questionnaires were administered to a total of 345 households to inspect the relative contribution of bamboo income to household economy. Participatory rural appraisal, key informant interviews, group discussions, market assessment, and field observations were made to understand the bamboo marketing system, actors involved, price trends, and factors affecting the bamboo value chain. Results show that crop and livestock production, forest management, and off-farm activities are major sources of income for respondent households. Fifty-three percent of the respondents reported bamboo income. Though it significantly varies across the study localities (p < 0.005), bamboo income contributed up to 11% of the annual cash income of the households, the lowest (3.4%) at Masha and the largest (38%) at Banja and Bahir Dar Zuria Districts. Positive and significant correlation was observed among cash incomes from bamboo, crop, petty trade, and other Non-Timber Forest Products (NTFPs). Producer farmers, village level traders, town and city wholesalers, small-and medium-scale bamboo processing and marketing firms, and town and city consumers are identified as major actors in the bamboo value chain. Fifty-five percent of the respondents indicated presence of poor horizontal and vertical Published: 23 November 2014 Ethnobotany Research & Applications 512www.ethnobotanyjournal.org/vol12/i1547-3465-12-511.pdf for technology innovation, upgrading and integrating the bamboo value chain, and promoting sustainable management of the resource base.

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Section: Discussion and Recommendationsmentioning

confidence: 96%

Bamboo Resources in Ethiopia: Their value chain and contribution to livelihoods

Mekonnen

Worku²,

Yohannes³

et al. 2014

Ethnobot. Res. App.

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“…Some stress its significance in terms of reducing depth of poverty in the poorest member of the community [6] while others argue the opposite [7]. Studies in Sub-Saharan Africa [8]- [14] have shown that rural households regularly supplement their income from forest resources. In the case of Ethiopia data regarding the contribution of dry forests to rural households are still limited [5] and information to influence policy making remains scarce.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Contribution of Dry Forest Products to Household Income and Determinants of Forest Income Levels in the Northwestern and Southern Lowlands of Ethiopia

Teshome¹,

Kassa²,

Mohammed³

et al. 2015

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Dry forests are dominant vegetation types in East Africa. The contribution of these resources to local livelihoods is poorly understood. This study was conducted to quantify the contribution of dry forest products to household income and to identify factors that influence forest income level in the northwestern and southern lowlands of Ethiopia. Data was collected using key informant interviews, focus group discussions and formal survey administered to 428 randomly selected households from representative districts in three regional states. Regression analysis, one way ANOVA, chi-square and t-tests were used to analyze the quantitative data. The major sources of household income are crop production, livestock farming, forest products, off-and non-farm activities, and remittances and aid, contributing respectively to 46.3%, 27.6%, 17.0%, 6.3% and 2.8% of the household income. The relative importance of forest income to total household income varied significantly across wellbeing categories (P < 0.001), representing 31.8%, 15.5% and 9.9% respectively for poor, medium and rich households and also between male headed (16.1%) and female headed (23.5%) households(P < 0.001). In terms of magnitude, however, forest income differed significantly (P < 0.05) with wealth category of households but not with the gender of the household head. Forest income level was significantly and positively influenced by family size (P < 0.01) and being a member of gums and resins producers cooperative (P < 0.01), while distance to the forest resource (P < 0.01) and being in Tigray or Amhara Regional States (Oromia being reference state) negatively and significantly affected forest income levels of households. Attempts to promote sustainable management of dry forests should recognize these factors that influence access to forests and forest income level of different members of the community to ensure equita- B. Teshome et al. 332 ble responsibility and benefit sharing arrangements and inclusive participation for better livelihoods and conservation outcomes.

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“…Nepal et al (2017) state that most rural and agricultural households in Nepal depend on the forests for firewood and animal feed. Asfaw et al (2013) cite that firewood is the most utilized forest product with the highest contribution (79%) to forest income. Kebede et al (2010) describe that wood fuel contributes to 70% of the world's energy consumption, followed by petroleum as the second most-contributing fuel.…”

Section: The Contribution Of Mtpf To Carpentry Wood Needsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Firewood and Carpentry Wood Contribution to the Communities of Mutis Timau Protected Forest, Timor Island

Dako

Purwanto

Faida

et al. 2018

jtfm

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The existence of Mutis Timau Protected Forest (MTPF) has given a real contribution to the community by providing household energy needs and raw materials for building the houses. This preliminary study is aimed at knowing the contribution of M T PF in terms of firewood and carpentry wood consumption in the community. The study was conducted in 9 villages located in and around MTPF. This study used surveys and employed descriptive analysis with 353 families spread proportionally on every village as the sample. The results show that MTPF contributed to as much as 87.45% of the total firewood consumption of the community living in and around the protected forest, while the remaining 12.55% was supplied from the gardens. These percentages were calculated from the total firewood -1 consumption of 1,912,512 kg year . Meanwhile, every 15-20 years, MTPF contributed to 96.98% of the total 3 carpentry wood needs (1,177.3 m ) while the remaining 3.02% was supplied from privately owned gardens. This fact indicates that the dependence level of the community on the forest is high. Consequently, the pressure on the forest is also very high and may cause deforestation and degradation. To prevent deforestation and degradation, social participation in the sustainable management of MTPF is needed. The principles of social forestry must be implemented through social forestry programs such as community empowerment.

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Importance, determinants and gender dimensions of forest income in eastern highlands of Ethiopia: The case of communities around Jelo Afromontane forest

Cited by 94 publications

References 16 publications

Bamboo Resources in Ethiopia: Their value chain and contribution to livelihoods

Bamboo Resources in Ethiopia: Their value chain and contribution to livelihoods

Contribution of Dry Forest Products to Household Income and Determinants of Forest Income Levels in the Northwestern and Southern Lowlands of Ethiopia

Firewood and Carpentry Wood Contribution to the Communities of Mutis Timau Protected Forest, Timor Island

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