Importance of Candida–bacterial polymicrobial biofilms in disease

Harriott, Melphine; Noverr, Mairi C.

doi:10.1016/j.tim.2011.07.004

Cited by 277 publications

(253 citation statements)

References 91 publications

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“…However, an important line of defence against oral CMC is the oral microbiota that prevents infections by their interplay with immune cells, nutrients, metabolic products and by secreting antagonistic molecules, which together balance local inflammatory responses [39]. C. albicans can form biofilms with many oral bacteria, including streptococci [40], which have synergistic or antagonistic influences on C. albicans . Noteworthy, recent work has highlighted the critical role of metabolic products from specific gut microbiota such as lactobacilli in priming IL-22 dependent mucosal immune responses by innate lymphoid cells via the aryl hydrocarbon receptor, which is fundamental for protection against uncontrolled local Candida expansion [41].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral microbiota in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1

Bruserud

Siddiqui

Marthinussen

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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Background: Autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1 (APS-1) is a rare, childhood onset disease caused by mutations in the Autoimmune Regulator gene. The phenotypic expression is highly variable and includes disease manifestations in the oral cavity, including mucocutaneous candidiasis. Increasing evidence suggests a potential role of the skin, oral and gut microbiotas in the pathogenesis of autoimmunity. To date, no information exists regarding the oral microbiota in APS-1. Objective: To assess the bacterial microbiota of whole saliva in APS-1 patients by using high throughput sequencing. Design: Whole unstimulated saliva was collected from 10 APS-1 patients and 17 healthy controls and examined by high throughput sequencing of the hypervariable region V1-V2 of 16S rRNA using the 454 GS Junior system. Metastats (http://cbcb.umd.edu/software/metastats) was used to analyse the pyrosequencing reads. Results: A reduction in the total number of bacterial genera and species was detected in APS-1 compared to healthy controls. The proportion of the major phyla Firmicutes was higher (60% vs 41%, p = 0.002) and Bacteroidetes lower (15% vs 28%, p = 0.007) in APS-1 compared to healthy controls. On the genus level, Streptococcus and Gemella were prevalent in APS-1. Conclusion: Our findings indicate a significantly altered oral microbiota in APS-1.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral microbiota in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1

Bruserud

Siddiqui

Marthinussen

et al. 2018

Journal of Oral Microbiology

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“…It has been estimated that 80% of human infections result from pathogenic biofilms (Harriott and Noverr, 2011). Clinically, biofilm infections represent an overwhelming problem, as the microorganisms embedded in the extracellular matrix are resistant to antibiotics as well as to the host defence.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cross-feeding and interkingdom communication in dual-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

et al. 2014

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Polymicrobial biofilms are of large medical importance, but relatively little is known about the role of interspecies interactions for their physiology and virulence. Here, we studied two human pathogens co-occuring in the oral cavity, the opportunistic fungus Candida albicans and the caries-promoting bacterium Streptococcus mutans. Dual-species biofilms reached higher biomass and cell numbers than mono-species biofilms, and the production of extracellular polymeric substances (EPSs) by S. mutans was strongly suppressed, which was confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and transcriptome analysis. To detect interkingdom communication, C. albicans was co-cultivated with a strain of S. mutans carrying a transcriptional fusion between a green fluorescent protein-encoding gene and the promoter for sigX, the alternative sigma factor of S. mutans, which is induced by quorum sensing signals. Strong induction of sigX was observed in dual-species biofilms, but not in single-species biofilms. Conditioned media from mixed biofilms but not from C. albicans or S. mutans cultivated alone activated sigX in the reporter strain. Deletion of comS encoding the synthesis of the sigX-inducing peptide precursor abolished this activity, whereas deletion of comC encoding the competence-stimulating peptide precursor had no effect. Transcriptome analysis of S. mutans confirmed induction of comS, sigX, bacteriocins and the downstream late competence genes, including fratricins, in dual-species biofilms. We show here for the first time the stimulation of the complete quorum sensing system of S. mutans by a species from another kingdom, namely the fungus C. albicans, resulting in fundamentally changed virulence properties of the caries pathogen.

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“…This species can cause infections that range from superficial lesions of the mucosa or skin to severe systemic infections. 1,2 C. albicans shows a great capacity of biofilm formation on oral structures and its presence in the oral cavity may serve as a reservoir of this fungus for infections in other parts of the body. 3 Current treatment for candidiasis consists of the administration of topical antifungal agents such as nystatin, amphotericin B and clotrimazole, or systemic antifungal agents such as fluconazole, ketoconazole and itraconazole.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 inhibits biofilm formation by C. albicans and attenuates the experimental candidiasis in Galleria mellonella

et al. 2015

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(2015) Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 inhibits biofilm formation by C.albicans and attenuates the experimental candidiasis in Galleriamellonella, Virulence, 6:1, 29-39, DOI: 10.4161/21505594.2014 Probiotic strains of Lactobacillus have been studied for their inhibitory effects on Candida albicans. However, few studies have investigated the effect of these strains on biofilm formation, filamentation and C. albicans infection. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 on C. albicans ATCC 18804 using in vitro and in vivo models. In vitro analysis evaluated the effects of L. acidophilus on the biofilm formation and on the capacity of C. albicans filamentation. For in vivo study, Galleria mellonella was used as an infection model to evaluate the effects of L. acidophilus on candidiasis by survival analysis, quantification of C. albicans CFU/mL, and histological analysis. The direct effects of L. acidophilus cells on C. albicans, as well as the indirect effects using only a Lactobacillus culture filtrate, were evaluated in both tests. The in vitro results showed that both L. acidophilus cells and filtrate were able to inhibit C. albicans biofilm formation and filamentation. In the in vivo study, injection of L. acidophilus into G. mellonella larvae infected with C. albicans increased the survival of these animals. Furthermore, the number of C. albicans CFU/mL recovered from the larval hemolymph was lower in the group inoculated with L. acidophilus compared to the control group. In conclusion, L. acidophilus ATCC 4356 inhibited in vitro biofilm formation by C. albicans and protected G. mellonella against experimental candidiasis in vivo.

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Importance of Candida–bacterial polymicrobial biofilms in disease

Cited by 277 publications

References 91 publications

Oral microbiota in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1

Oral microbiota in autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type 1

Cross-feeding and interkingdom communication in dual-species biofilms of Streptococcus mutans and Candida albicans

Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 4356 inhibits biofilm formation by C. albicans and attenuates the experimental candidiasis in Galleria mellonella

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