Importance of Freshwater for Irrigation

Edwards, Eric C.; Nehra, Arpita

doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-409548-9.11913-x

“…Natural lakes and rivers represent the majority, accounting for approximately 88% of the surface water bodies accessible for human utilization, serving as the primary source of surface water resources [2]. Beyond supplying basic water for human survival, surface water resources play a key role in industrial production and agricultural irrigation within human society [3,4]. Recently, there has been a significant shift in the state of water resources and the pattern of the water cycle, primarily driven by climate changes and intensified human activities [5].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamic Monitoring of Surface Water Bodies and Their Influencing Factors in the Yellow River Basin

Zhao,

Li,

Song

et al. 2023

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Surface water bodies exhibit dynamic characteristics, undergoing variations in size, shape, and flow patterns over time due to numerous natural and human factors. The monitoring of spatial-temporal changes in surface water bodies is crucial for the sustainable development and efficient utilization of water resources. In this study, Landsat series images on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, along with the HydroLAKES and China Reservoir datasets, were utilized to establish an extraction process for surface water bodies from 1986 to 2021 in the Yellow River Basin (YRB). The study aims to investigate the dynamics of surface water bodies and the driving factors within the YRB. The findings reveal an overall expansion tendency of surface water bodies in the YRB between 1986 and 2021. In the YRB, the total area of surface water bodies, natural lakes, and artificial reservoirs increased by 2983.8 km2 (40.4%), 281.1 km2 (11.5%), and 1017.6 km2 (101.7%), respectively. A total of 102 natural lakes expanded, while 23 shrank. Regarding artificial reservoirs, 204 expanded, and 77 shrank. The factors that contributed most to the increase in the surface water bodies were increasing precipitation and reservoir construction, whose contribution rates could reach 47% and 32.6%, respectively. Additionally, the rising temperatures melted permafrost, ice, and snow, positively correlating with water expansion in the upper reaches of the YRB, particularly natural lakes.

show abstract

“…Water resources play an essential role in the survival of living species on the planet (Bynum and Bynum, 2018;Edwards et al, 2019;Padowski, 2020;Zhiltsov et al, 2020). Through them, human beings meet their basic personal, social, and economic (agricultural and industrial) needs (Edwards et al, 2019;Padowski, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Water resources play an essential role in the survival of living species on the planet (Bynum and Bynum, 2018;Edwards et al, 2019;Padowski, 2020;Zhiltsov et al, 2020). Through them, human beings meet their basic personal, social, and economic (agricultural and industrial) needs (Edwards et al, 2019;Padowski, 2020). However, its inappropriate use leads to signi cant changes in its quality, compromising the survival of species in their ecosystem and, consequently, their uses for different purposes (Khangembam and Kshetrimayum, 2019;Province, 2015;Vittori et al, 2018;Wang et al, 2019;Xu et al, 2019;Zhao et al, 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Natural and anthropogenic factors can in uence changes in water quality, and rivers receive a considerable load of pollutants released into the air, soil, or directly into drainage networks (Padowski, 2020;Province, 2015;Vittori et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2019). Of these, anthropogenic activities are the primary sources of alterations, dumping urban (Castro et al, 2021;Padowski, 2020;Province, 2015), industrial (Dadi et al, 2018;Gonzalo and Camargo, 2013;Kistemann et al, 2016) and agricultural (Edwards et al, 2019;Vittori et al, 2018) e uents that can pose a risk and cause severe harmful effects to marine and human species once they reach water bodies, due to the highly toxic elements, ions and substances they carry (Dadi et Wang et al, 2018). The former is promoted by surface runoff over large areas and makes identi cation, measurement, and, consequently, controlling di cult, as there are low concentrations of polluting species in water (Carazo-Rojas et al, 2018; Libos et al, 2003;Lima et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Spatio-temporal study of water quality variables in the Rio de Ondas Hydrographic Basin, west of Bahia, Brazil using multivariate analysis

do Rego,

Portela,

de Lima Ribeiro

et al. 2023

Environ Monit Assess

2

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water bodies are containers that receive a large load of pollutants through the release of domestic, industrial, and agricultural e uents. With this focus, this work aimed to conduct a temporal-spatial variability study in the Rio de Ondas Hydrographic Basin through multivariate statistical analysis. For this, seventeen collection sites were established in four stations along the Rio de Ondas and its tributaries between 2017 and 2018. Ionic chromatography with suppressed conductivity was used for ions determination, while ICP-OES determined metals' total concentrations. The land use and occupation assessment between 1985 and 2015 was conducted using images from Landsat 5 and 8 satellites and the descriptive and multivariate analysis of the data using version 10 of the Statistica software. The results showed that, in thirty years, there was a growth of 569% of agricultural activities in the watershed area, with signi cant suppression of native vegetation, favoring the transport of pollutants to rivers. Ca 2+ , PO 4 2− , Al, Cu, and Zn concentrations showed a statistically signi cant difference between the seasons, with higher medians in the rainy season. Rainy season in uenced the formation of three groups in the PCA, consisting of electrical conductivity, salinity, TDS, and PO 4 2− (group 1); temperature, Fe, SO 4 2− and Cl − (group 2); and Ca 2+ , Mg 2+ , Na + , and HCO 3 − (group 3). The strong correlation between parameters of each group indicates anthropic in uence on the watershed's water quality. However, levels are within the potability standard.

show abstract

“…Natural and anthropogenic factors can in uence changes in water quality, and rivers receive a considerable load of pollutants released into the air, soil, or directly into drainage networks (Padowski, 2020;Province, 2015;Vittori et al, 2018;Zhao et al, 2019). Of these, anthropogenic activities are the primary sources of alterations, dumping urban (Castro et al, 2021;Padowski, 2020;Province, 2015), industrial (Dadi et al, 2018;Gonzalo and Camargo, 2013;Kistemann et al, 2016) and agricultural (Edwards et al, 2019;Vittori et al, 2018) e uents that can pose a risk and cause severe harmful effects to marine and human species once they reach water bodies, due to the highly toxic elements, ions and substances they carry (Dadi et Wang et al, 2018). The former is promoted by surface runoff over large areas and makes identi cation, measurement, and, consequently, controlling di cult, as there are low concentrations of polluting species in water (Carazo-Rojas et al, 2018; Libos et al, 2003;Lima et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-temporal Study of Pollutants in the Rio De Ondas Hydrographic Basin, West of Bahia, Brazil Using Multivariate Analysis

Rego

¹

,

Portela

²

,

Ribeiro

³

et al. 2022

Preprint

0

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Water bodies are containers that receive a large load of pollutants through the release of domestic, industrial, and agricultural effluents. With this focus, this work aimed to conduct a temporal-spatial variability study in the Rio de Ondas Hydrographic Basin through multivariate statistical analysis. For this, seventeen collection sites were established in four stations along the Rio de Ondas and its tributaries between 2017 and 2018. Ionic chromatography with suppressed conductivity was used for ions determination, while ICP-OES determined metals' total concentrations. The land use and occupation assessment between 1985 and 2015 was conducted using images from Landsat 5 and 8 satellites and the descriptive and multivariate analysis of the data using version 10 of the Statistica software. The results showed that, in thirty years, there was a growth of 569% of agricultural activities in the watershed area, with significant suppression of native vegetation, favoring the transport of pollutants to rivers. Ca2+, PO42−, Al, Cu, and Zn concentrations showed a statistically significant difference between the seasons, with higher medians in the rainy season. Rainy season influenced the formation of three groups in the PCA, consisting of electrical conductivity, salinity, TDS, and PO42− (group 1); temperature, Fe, SO42− and Cl− (group 2); and Ca2+, Mg2+, Na+, and HCO3− (group 3). The strong correlation between parameters of each group indicates anthropic influence on the watershed's water quality. However, levels are within the potability standard.

show abstract

Importance of Freshwater for Irrigation

Cited by 4 publications

References 16 publications

Dynamic Monitoring of Surface Water Bodies and Their Influencing Factors in the Yellow River Basin

Dynamic Monitoring of Surface Water Bodies and Their Influencing Factors in the Yellow River Basin

Spatio-temporal study of water quality variables in the Rio de Ondas Hydrographic Basin, west of Bahia, Brazil using multivariate analysis

Spatio-temporal Study of Pollutants in the Rio De Ondas Hydrographic Basin, West of Bahia, Brazil Using Multivariate Analysis

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About