Importance of Intumescence in Polymers Fire Retardancy

Ruban, L. V.; Заиков, Г. Е.

doi:10.1080/00914030108050787

Cited by 14 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…Determination of the functional dependence is carried out by the method of regression analysis of the data obtained from the numerical calculations (Ruban and Zaikov, 2001;Eremina, 2003;Wang and Chow, 2005;Zybina et al, 2009;Khalturinsky and Krupkin, 2011;Eremina et al, 2012;Lyapin et al, 2016;Zybina and Babkin, 2018). The regression equation can be presented as follows:…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screen Wall Fire Resistance Investigation

Eremina

Korolchenko

Fadeev

2021

Front. Built Environ.

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The assessment of fire resistance for building constructions has been carried out by the solution of the heat engineering problem for heating up building structures under the conditions of non-stationary heat exposure with standard fire conditions. The finite element method is used as the solution method. Numerical simulation of heating of considered building structures under fire conditions was carried out using the Ansys Mechanical computer complex, which allows for a thermal engineering design to be calculated on the basis of its software model. The resulting functional dependence allows for determining the actual fire resistance of Pf depending on the thickness of sheets δ of the outer skin made of the basalt fire-proof material, as well as the geometric parameters of the protective screen (δ) depending on the required fire resistance from the condition of compliance with the requirements of constructive fire safety (Pf > Preq). Experimental studies to determine the fire resistance for membrane wall structures showed that an increase in temperature on its unheated surface vs. structure temperature prior to testing more than 180° С (195°С) occurs not earlier than 31 min. Upon reaching the critical temperatures on the unheated surface of the membrane wall structure independing on its thickness, the fire resistance limits REI 30-REI 120 are reached.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Screen Wall Fire Resistance Investigation

Eremina

Korolchenko

Fadeev

2021

Front. Built Environ.

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“…The flame retarding mechanism of IFR is based on the charred layer acting as a physical barrier, which slows down heat and mass transfer between gaseous and condensed phases [ 10 , 11 ]. It is well-known that a char forming agent is the most important component in IFR formulation, forming an intumescent porous char layer [ 12 , 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Intumescent Flame Retardant Mechanism of Lignosulfonate as a Char Forming Agent in Rigid Polyurethane Foam

Zhu

et al. 2021

Polymers

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Intumescent flame retardants (IFR) have been widely used to improve flame retardancy of rigid polyurethane (RPU) foams and the most commonly used char forming agent is pentaerythritol (PER). Lignosulfonate (LS) is a natural macromolecule with substantial aromatic structures and abundant hydroxyl groups, and carbon content higher than PER. The flame retardancy and its mechanism of LS as char forming agent instead of PER in IFR formulation were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, limiting oxygen index testing and cone calorimeter test. The results showed LS as a char forming agent did not increase the density of RPU/LS foams. LOI value and char residue of RPU/LS foam were higher than RPU/PER and the mass loss of RPU/LS foam decreased 18%, suggesting enhanced thermal stability. CCT results showed LS as a char forming agent in IFR formulation effectively enhanced the flame retardancy of RPU foams with respect to PER. The flame retardancy mechanism showed RPU/LS foam presented a continuous and relatively compact char layer, acting as the effect of the flame retardant and heat insulation between gaseous and condensed phases. The efficiency of different LS ratio in IFR formulation as char forming agent was different, and the best flame retardancy and thermal stability was obtained at RPU/LS1.

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“…14 Consequently, many reviews of intumescent and non-intumescent fire retardant coating have been cited in scientific publications. 15–34 Over the past decades, the Camino and Bourbigot research groups have extensively studied the intumescent systems and reported the possible fire protection mechanisms involved in the intumescent coatings.…”

Section: Development Of Intumescent Coatingsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent developments of intumescent fire protection coatings for structural steel: A review

Mariappan

2016

Journal of Fire Sciences

155

115

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Intumescent paints are specially formulated reactive coatings designed to swell or expand into thick foamed char upon exposure to heat, protecting the substrates against fire by insulation and providing a protective barrier to heat and mass transfer. The present review describes some recent work related to the development of intumescent fire protective coating that is suitable for the protection of non-flammable substrates, such as structural steel, against fire. The key factors in the intumescent formulations, binders, flame retardants, fillers, modifiers, nano-dimensional additives, and weathering that affect the properties and performance of intumescent coatings are described. An attempt has also been made to describe different fire protection methods and testing characterizations involved in the fire protection of structural steel using intumescent fire-resistant coatings.

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Importance of Intumescence in Polymers Fire Retardancy

Cited by 14 publications

References 28 publications

Screen Wall Fire Resistance Investigation

Screen Wall Fire Resistance Investigation

Intumescent Flame Retardant Mechanism of Lignosulfonate as a Char Forming Agent in Rigid Polyurethane Foam

Recent developments of intumescent fire protection coatings for structural steel: A review

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