Imported childhood malaria: the Dublin experience, 1999–2006

Leahy, T. Ronan; Malikiwi, A.; Cafferkey, Mary T.; Butler, K

doi:10.1007/s11845-009-0343-3

Cited by 4 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…Alba et al presented actual anti-malarial drug taken by patients within 24 h following fever episode as reported by patients or by their caretakers. Patients would take drugs available at home or from a neighbour or friend and this has been reported in several studies [15,31,35,36]. Wider availability of sulphadoxine-pyrimethamine (SP) and older drugs during ACCESS survey was reported from KU [37].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to artemisinin-based anti-malarial treatment and its related factors in rural Tanzania

Khatib

Selemani

Mrisho

et al. 2013

Malar J

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BackgroundArtemisinin-based combination treatment (ACT) has been widely adopted as one of the main malaria control strategies. However, its promise to save thousands of lives in sub-Saharan Africa depends on how effective the use of ACT is within the routine health system. The INESS platform evaluated effective coverage of ACT in several African countries. Timely access within 24 hours to an authorized ACT outlet is one of the determinants of effective coverage and was assessed for artemether-lumefantrine (Alu), in two district health systems in rural Tanzania.MethodsFrom October 2009 to June 2011we conducted continuous rolling household surveys in the Kilombero-Ulanga and the Rufiji Health and Demographic Surveillance Sites (HDSS). Surveys were linked to the routine HDSS update rounds. Members of randomly pre-selected households that had experienced a fever episode in the previous two weeks were eligible for a structured interview. Data on individual treatment seeking, access to treatment, timing, source of treatment and household costs per episode were collected. Data are presented on timely access from a total of 2,112 interviews in relation to demographics, seasonality, and socio economic status.ResultsIn Kilombero-Ulanga, 41.8% (CI: 36.6–45.1) and in Rufiji 36.8% (33.7–40.1) of fever cases had access to an authorized ACT provider within 24 hours of fever onset. In neither of the HDSS site was age, sex, socio-economic status or seasonality of malaria found to be significantly correlated with timely access.ConclusionTimely access to authorized ACT providers is below 50% despite interventions intended to improve access such as social marketing and accreditation of private dispensing outlets. To improve prompt diagnosis and treatment, access remains a major bottle neck and new more innovative interventions are needed to raise effective coverage of malaria treatment in Tanzania.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Access to artemisinin-based anti-malarial treatment and its related factors in rural Tanzania

Khatib

Selemani

Mrisho

et al. 2013

Malar J

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“…Experienced technicians may be able to detect down to 5 parasites/µL; however, on average, only 50–100 parasites/µL are detected 13. In the case series papers we looked at, the lowest parasite counts were around 0.1%, which equates to 5000 parasites/µL, a count more than high enough to be detected by light microscopy 1 10 11. Parasite counts are higher in non-immune individuals, indicating that light microscopy may be more sensitive in non-immune individuals 7…”

Section: Technological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…In P. vivax , P. ovale and P. malariae infections, late onset more than 2 months after return was observed in this study in 62%, 75% and 41%, respectively, despite effective prophylaxis in the majority (61%–81%), which was due to relapse (re-emergence of parasitaemia from liver stages) 9. It has been demonstrated that non-immune children not on chemoprophylaxis develop symptoms earliest and can present by 7–9 days after returning from travelling 1 10…”

Section: Physiological Backgroundmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to interpret malaria tests

Dyer

Waterfield

Eisenhut

2016

Arch Dis Child Educ Pract Ed

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There are over 300 new cases of imported paediatric malaria in the UK each year and this has been increasing over the last 20 years. Malaria in children is particularly difficult to diagnose because the initial presenting features are subtler than in adults and do not display the classical presenting features. However, they are also more likely to deteriorate rapidly and to develop severe malaria. The 'gold standard' for ruling out the diagnosis of malaria if clinically suspected is three negative thin and thick blood films, which require serial phlebotomy and the availability of trained technicians. There are now a range of other tests, including rapid diagnostic tests and PCR, as well as clinical features that make the diagnosis more or less likely. We explore the different tests available and whether these might replace the three negative blood films currently needed. We also look at whether we are able to use clinical features to aid the tests used for a diagnosis of imported malaria.

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Knowledge gaps in the diagnosis and management of patients with tropical diseases presenting to Canadian emergency departments: are the gaps being met?

Meshkat

Misra

Hunchak

et al. 2014

CJEM

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Imported childhood malaria: the Dublin experience, 1999–2006

Abstract: Irish health-care practitioners need to encourage malaria prophylaxis among travellers to malaria-endemic regions. Management guidelines should be formulated to assist Irish clinicians treating this potentially fatal illness.

Cited by 4 publications

References 7 publications

Access to artemisinin-based anti-malarial treatment and its related factors in rural Tanzania

Access to artemisinin-based anti-malarial treatment and its related factors in rural Tanzania

How to interpret malaria tests

Knowledge gaps in the diagnosis and management of patients with tropical diseases presenting to Canadian emergency departments: are the gaps being met?

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