Improved bonding strength between TiO₂ film and Ti substrate by microarc oxidation

Abstract

Titanium (Ti) and its alloys have proved to be very suitable materials for load-bearing bioimplant applications. Unfortunately, Ti and its alloys exhibit poor osteoinductive properties like most metals. This drawback was recently addressed by modified titania (TiO 2 ). However, the bonding strength between TiO 2 and substrate is not very strong. Therefore, mechanical properties and biochemical stability are very important.Many techniques have been investigated for modifying the TiO 2 layer. Microarc oxidation (MAO) represents a relatively new surface modification technique where thick, hard and anticorrosive oxide coatings can be easily and cost-effectively fabricated. In this study, various chemicals were used as the electrolyte for MAO. Hydroxyapatite (HA) suspension was prepared by dispersing HA powder in distilled water and adjusting the pH in the range of 4-11.Bonding strength between TiO 2 film and substrate was determined by modified ASTM C-633 and the ability to form apatite was confirmed after MAO, by soaking in simulated body fluid (SBF). The bonding strength decreased when the electrolyte was changed, but increased with increasing voltage. Bioactivity was only present in NaOH-treated specimens.

Surface characterization and corrosion behavior of calcium phosphate-base composite layer on titanium and its alloys via plasma electrolytic oxidation: A review paper

“…Modifications haves been performed to minimize the undesired effects. These treatments improve the biocompatibility and increase the strength, Young's Modulus (~100GPa), yield strength (~650 MPa) and corrosion resistance [5][6][7][8][9].…”

Nanostructured Titanate with Different Metal Ions on the Surface of Metallic Titanium: A Facile Approach for Regulation of rBMSCs Fate on Titanium Implants

“…However, when titanium is implanted into the living body, encapsulation phenomena always appear on the bone‐implant interface. This complication results both from biological inertness of the implant and the generation of fibrous tissue that causes micro‐movement between the bone and the interface and leads to premature loosening . Therefore, it is crucial to ensure good osseointegration by subjecting the implant to surface modification, otherwise, adequate osseointegration may not be achieved until healing has progressed over a period of months .…”

“…Nakagawa et al reported that Mg‐modified pure titanium prepared by a hydrothermal method in MgCl 2 solution demonstrated improved protein adsorption, cell attachment, and spreading. [1b] However, to the best of our knowledge, there are no reports yet describing the effect of the sole incorporation of Mg 2+ on the osteogenic differentiation of stem cells without the existence of Ca 2+ in the titanium.…”

Bonding strength of glass-ceramic trabecular-like coatings to ceramic substrates for prosthetic applications

“…It is worth mentioning that previous studies [28][29][30] on the bonding strength of biomaterials were mainly experimental, having a "descriptive" goal, and they concluded that, in general, the bonding strength was weak. On the contrary, the present model and method could quantitatively improve our ability not only in measuring but also in "designing" the bonding strength of biomaterials, making them more suitable for clinic applications in bone tissue engineering.…”