Improved conductivity and capacitance of interdigital carbon microelectrodes through integration with carbon nanotubes for micro-supercapacitors

Abstract

In the last decade, pyrolyzed-carbon-based composites have attracted much attention for their applications in micro-supercapacitors. Although various methods have been investigated to improve the performance of pyrolyzed carbons, such as conductivity, energy storage density and cycling performance, effective methods for the integration and mass-production of pyrolyzed-carbonbased composites on a large scale are lacking. Here, we report the development of an optimized photolithographic technique for the fine micropatterning of photoresist/chitosan-coated carbon nanotube (CHIT-CNT) composite. After subsequent pyrolysis, the fabricated carbon/CHIT-CNT microelectrode-based micro-supercapacitor has a high capacitance (6.09 mF·cm -2 ) and energy density (4.5 mWh·cm -3 ) at a scan rate of 10 mV·s -1 . Additionally, the micro-supercapacitor has a remarkable long-term cyclability, with 99.9% capacitance retention after 10,000 cyclic voltammetry cycles. This design and microfabrication process allow the application of carbon microelectromechanical system (C-MEMS)-based micro-supercapacitors due to their high potential for enhancing the mechanical and electrochemical performance of micro-supercapacitors.

Engineering the Pores of Biomass‐Derived Carbon: Insights for Achieving Ultrahigh Stability at High Power in High‐Energy Supercapacitors

“…During physical activation, precursors are initially carbonized and pores on the carbon surface are formed by CO 2 or steam at high temperature by using an etching process. During chemical activation, the carbon source is impregnated with activation agents, such as alkali metal hydroxides, alkali metal carbonates, H 2 SO 4 , H 3 PO 4 , or ZnCl 2 . The chemical activation technique is highly preferred to develop porous biomass carbon because of its simple, cheap, and rapid process.…”

“…Carbonaceous electrodes and, in particular, activated carbons (ACs) are the primary choice of electrode material for EDLCs because ACs are highly porous with interconnected pores, have high electrical conductivity,a nd are inexpensive. [11][12][13] ACs have awide range of distributed pores combined with ah igh pore volume, which provides major sites for the adsorption of ions. The presence of av ery high surface area (usually > 2000 m 2 g À1 )i nc arbon is the primary key to scale up the energy density of EDLCs.…”

Ultrastable High‐Energy On‐Chip Nickel–Bismuth Microbattery Powered by Crystalline Bi Anode and Ni–Co Hydroxide Cathode

“…Recently, due to the rapid development of miniature electronic devices and systems, the micro‐energy storage devices (MESDs) have great demand for hetero integration and high performance . Considerable efforts have been delivered in investigating and developing MESDs with high capacity/capacitance and long cycle life . Typically, MESDs include micro‐supercapacitors (MSCs) and microbatteries (MBs) with planar configuration or stacked configuration.…”

Controllable Elasticity Storage and Release in CuO−Pt Core‐Shell Nanowires

“…The wide applications of the micro/nano electro‐mechanical systems (M/NEMS) demand more excellent materials and methods for energy supplement ,. Hitherto, the use of batteries or capacitors serves as the main solution, which is, however limited by the regular replacement or recharge .…”