Improved crystallinity and self-healing effects in perovskite solar cells via functional incorporation of polyvinylpyrrolidone

Perovskite Films Treated with Polyvinyl Pyrrolidone for High-Performance Inverted Perovskite Solar Cells

“…In this work, an efficient, facile, and environmentally friendly method to enhance the performance and stability of the inverted PSCs based on PVP treatment was proposed. Compared with Niu studies, there are three differences. First, the detailed function of the PVP is different.…”

Multifunctional Polymer Capping Frameworks Enable High-Efficiency and Stable All-Inorganic Perovskite Solar Cells

“…Until now, efforts have been devoted to alleviate intrinsic instability of CsPbIBr 2 -based devices such as film growth regulation, ,,, composition control, ,, additive engineering, ,,, and top or buried interface modification. ,,, Notably, polymers with functional groups have been actively used as additives in PSCs, such as typical poly­(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), poly­(ethylene glycol) (PEG), polyurethane (PU), poly­(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly­(ethylene oxide) (PEO), poly­(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), and poly­(vinylidene fluoride-trifluoroethylene) P­(VDF-TrFE) . Similar to small-molecule additives, due to their high molecular weight and specific functional groups, the polymer additives not only serve as the template and retardant for perovskite growth but also chelate the dangling bonds on the defective surface through Lewis acid–base interaction, thereby minimizing the structural disorders and interfacial trap states. ,, Furthermore, the incorporation of some polymers, such as PEG, PVP, and PU, can enable the self-healing ability of perovskite films because of the interaction between the polymer and moisture or the presence of dynamic disulfide bond at high temperatures. ,, In addition, hydrophobically functionalized polymers can protect crystal grains against moisture and oxygen, thereby prolonging device stability. In this fashion, doping polymer is also expected to be important for the improved PCE and long-term stability of CsPbIBr 2 -based PSCs.…”

“…Among the above polymers, because of the amorphous spreading polymer chains and excellent hygroscopicity, PVP is widely used as one effective additive to improve film quality and increase the phase tolerance, mainly in CsPbI 3 -, MAPbI 3 -, (FAPbI 3 ) 0.85 (MAPbBr 3 ) 0.15 -, and (MAPbI 3 ) x (FAPbI 3 ) 1– x -tailored PSCs. ,− Inspired by these works, herein, we have further studied the effect of PVP on the photovoltaic performance of inorganic CsPbIBr 2 PSCs by introducing PVP into the CsPbIBr 2 precursor solution as a chemical polymer capping framework (PCF) and moisture defender. After carefully optimizing the dosage of PVP in a perovskite film, a highly compact and uniform perovskite film is formed.…”

“…24,57,58 Furthermore, the incorporation of some polymers, such as PEG, PVP, and PU, can enable the self-healing ability of perovskite films because of the interaction between the polymer and moisture or the presence of dynamic disulfide bond at high temperatures. 44,59,60 In addition, hydrophobically functionalized polymers can protect crystal grains against moisture and oxygen, thereby prolonging device stability. In this fashion, doping polymer is also expected to be important for the improved PCE and long-term stability of CsPbIBr 2based PSCs.…”

Two-dimensional BiTeI as a novel perovskite additive for printable perovskite solar cells

“…25,26 Such effects enhanced the environmental stability of PSCs, 27,28 while introducing complementary smart functionalities (e.g., selfhealing properties) of the materials. 29,30 Perovskite doping with metal cations has been reported to result in n-or p-type doping that could promote energy level alignment, leading to interesting device performances. 31 Notably, the incorporation of Sr, Cu, Sb, Bi, Mg, and Ce into the perovskite resulted in ndoping, 22,[32][33][34][35][36] while p-type doping was achieved using Ag 37,38 and Mo-based oxidants.…”