The effect on the Debye-Waller factors of having scattering factors which depend on atomic motion is developed through the reciprocal-space formulation. The resulting dependence of the Debye-Waller B on the scattering vector is of a simple form when a shell model adequately represents the deformation of the electron distribution. Numerical results are presented, without any serious approximations, for the governing constant appropriate to six alkali halides and explicit results are given for AB,/B, for NaF, NaC1 and KC1. A comparison with the recent real-space formulation of March & Wilkins [Acta Cryst. (1978), A34, 19-26] suggests that the reciprocal-space approach might be more fruitful.