Improved design of all-optical photonic crystal logic gates using T-shaped waveguide

Shaik, Enaul Haq; Nakkeeran, R.

doi:10.1007/s11082-015-0279-y

Cited by 50 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 31 publications

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“…In general, photonic integrated circuits (PICs), are the combination of various photonics technologies like Photonic Crystals (PCs), Plasmonic, Planar Lightwave Circuits (PLCs) and Micro-Optical-Mechanical Systems (MOEMS). In comparison to above discussed different platform for PICs, photonic crystals-based devices are more preferred because of their various advantages like: ultra-compact in size, more temperature resilient, flexible design structure, low radiation losses, high operation speed and very low group velocity [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Basically, PC structure is designed with point defects and line defect to get the photonic band gap (PBG) and these structures could be in the form of 1-Dimensional, 2-Dimensional and 3-Dimensional where, 2-Dimensional PC is highly attractive due to the small size, high operating speed, low loss [2]. Based on 2D PC various devices has been designed such as optical waveguides [4,5], optical sensors [6][7][8], optical filters [9,10], multiplexer/demultiplexer [11][12][13], logic gates [14][15], optical switches [16][17], etc.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High data rate and ultra-compact optical encoder based on 2D linear photonic crystal ring resonator

Chhipa

Madhav

Suthar³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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In the present work, a high-speed optical encoder is proposed based on two-dimensional photonic crystal ring resonator (2D-PCRR) using coupled mode theory and resonance effect. Square shaped ring resonator, couplings rods and several waveguides have been utilized in the proposed structure. Silicon rods in air structure has been designed with rod radius of 0.1a and lattice constant 0.540 nm. The photonic band gap is being calculated using plane wave expansion method and finite-difference-time-domain method to analyze the performance characteristics of optical encoder like: transmission spectra, electric field view, contrast ratio, delay time, response time etc. The operating wavelength of structure is 1550 nm, to perform encoder operation where only one input port is activated at a time while other input ports are inactivated and accordingly equivalent binary encoded signal is produced at output ports. The proposed encoder is designed with fast response time 222.76 fs, high data rate of 4.48 Tbps and ultra-compact size of 140.84µm2. Hence the proposed device is suitable for high-speed optical computation, photonic integrated devices and high speed optical integrated circuits.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High data rate and ultra-compact optical encoder based on 2D linear photonic crystal ring resonator

Chhipa

Madhav

Suthar³

et al. 2021

Preprint

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“…Different logic functions are realized in different input permutations based on the phase change of the inputs. A multi-functional PC structure is designed in the study by haq Shaik and Rangaswamy [25], based on a square lattice of Si rods in the air background. This structure was designed using a T-shaped waveguide, which creates different logic functions by changing the phase of the inputs in different inputs permutations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This structure was designed using a T-shaped waveguide, which creates different logic functions by changing the phase of the inputs in different inputs permutations. However, the most crucial problem with these works, studies by Rani et al and haq Shaik and Rangaswamy [23][24][25], is the requirement to change the phase of the inputs at different input permutations, which makes it practically impossible to use those structures in optical integrated circuits.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A novel proposal based on 2D linear resonant cavity photonic crystals for all-optical NOT, XOR and XNOR logic gates

Elhachemi

Naoum

2020

Journal of Optical Communications

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In this paper, we are going to propose a novel structure of all-optical NOT, XOR and XNOR logic gates are presented using a two-dimensional photonic crystal (2D-PhC). This structure is optimized by varying the radius of the cavity, to obtain a quality factor Q = 1192, and also has several ports of entry and one port of output. The size of each structure is equal to 85.8 μm2. The contrast ratios for the structures proposed all-optical NOT, XOR and XNOR logic gates between levels “0” and “1” are, respectively, 25.08, 25.03, and 14.47 dB. The response time for the three logical gates is 8.33 ps, and the bit rate is calculated at about 0.12 Tbit/s, all simulations are based on both numerical methods such as finite difference time domain (FDTD) and plane wave expansion (PWE). Designed logic gates are characterized by low power consumption, compactness and easy integration.

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“…PCs are structures composed of periodic layers with different dielectric constants and demonstrate useful characteristics such as photonic band gap (PBG) [3], slow light regime [5][6][7], and self-collimation [8][9][10][11]. Because of their compact size and the aforementioned properties, they are promising candidates in realizing all-optical devices such as optical waveguides [10][11][12], filters [13][14][15][16][17][18], demultiplexers [19][20][21][22][23][24][25], switches [26][27][28][29][30], logic gates [31][32][33][34][35][36], encoders [37][38][39][40][41][42], decoders [43][44][45][46][47][48], and analog-to-digital converters …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

All-Optical Ultra-Fast Graphene-Photonic Crystal Switch

et al. 2019

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In this paper, an all-optical photonic crystal-based switch containing a graphene resonant ring has been presented. The structure has been composed of 15 × 15 silicon rods for a fundamental lattice. Then, a resonant ring including 9 thick silicon rods and 24 graphene-SiO2 rods was placed between two waveguides. The thick rods with a radius of 0.41a in the form of a 3 × 3 lattice were placed at the center of the ring. Graphene-SiO2 rods with a radius of 0.2a were assumed around the thick rods. These rods were made of the graphene monolayers which were separated by SiO2 disks. The size of the structure was about 70 µm2 that was more compact than other works. Furthermore, the rise and fall times were obtained by 0.3 ps and 0.4 ps, respectively, which were less than other reports. Besides, the amount of the contrast ratio (the difference between the margin values for logics 1 and 0) for the proposed structure was calculated by about 82%. The correct switching operation, compactness, and ultra-fast response, as well as the high contrast ratio, make the presented switch for optical integrated circuits.

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Improved design of all-optical photonic crystal logic gates using T-shaped waveguide

Cited by 50 publications

References 31 publications

High data rate and ultra-compact optical encoder based on 2D linear photonic crystal ring resonator

High data rate and ultra-compact optical encoder based on 2D linear photonic crystal ring resonator

A novel proposal based on 2D linear resonant cavity photonic crystals for all-optical NOT, XOR and XNOR logic gates

All-Optical Ultra-Fast Graphene-Photonic Crystal Switch

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