Improved dielectric constant and breakdown strength ofγ-phase dominant super toughened polyvinylidene fluoride/TiO₂nanocomposite film: an excellent material for energy storage applications and piezoelectric throughput

Abstract

Titanium dioxide (TiO) nanoparticles (NPs) embedded γ-phase containing polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) nanocomposite (PNC) film turns to an excellent material for energy storage application due to an increased dielectric constant (32 at 1 kHz), enhanced electric breakdown strength (400 MV m). It also exhibits a high energy density of 4 J cm which is 25 times higher than that of virgin PVDF. 98% of the electroactive γ-phase has been acheived by the incorporation of TiO NPs and the resulting PNC behaves like a super-toughened material due to a dramatic improvement (more than 80%) in the tensile strength. Owing to their electroactive nature and extraordinary mechanical properties, PNC films have a strong ability to fabricate the piezoelectric nanogenerators (PNGs) that have recently been an area of focus regarding mechanical energy harvesting. The feasibility of piezoelectric voltage generation from PNGs is demostrated under the rotating fan that also promises further utility such as rotational speed (RPM) determination.

Significantly Enhanced Energy Density by Tailoring the Interface in Hierarchically Structured TiO2–BaTiO3–TiO2 Nanofillers in PVDF-Based Thin-Film Polymer Nanocomposites

“…to improve the energy density of the polymer nanocomposite-based capacitors. The second strategy involves selection of low-ε r nanomaterials such as TiO 2 as the core ,− so that the electric field is relatively more homogeneous as compared to that of high-ε r nanomaterials in the polymer matrix. However, the main concern about using TiO 2 as nanofillers is its large electrical conductivity (σ) (10 –4 S m –1 ) as compared to that of BT (10 –10 S m –1 ), which inherently leads to high conductivity mismatch between nanofillers and the polymer, thereby causing significant interfacial polarization and consequently high dielectric loss and low E b . , The literature suggests that the exact phenomenon occurring at the interface of TiO 2 (high σ, low ε r ) and BT (high ε r , low σ) in the polymer matrix is still not clear.…”

Biomechanical and Acoustic Energy Harvesting from TiO2 Nanoparticle Modulated PVDF Nanofiber Made High Performance Nanogenerator

“…39,40 It is also noticed that TiO 2 is a wide indirect band gap semiconductor that exhibits prominent thermal and chemical stability, high photoconversion efficiency, or photostability and most importantly it can make PVDF more suitable for energy harvesting and storage application. 41,42 Herein, we have prepared a PVDF/TiO 2 electrospun fiber mat based flexible and wearable NG to harvest mechanical energy from regular human activities and acoustic vibration. The sensitivity and efficiency for acoustic to electrical energy conversion of the NG exhibit up to 26 V Pa −1 and 61%, respectively.…”

Piezoelectric Effect and Electroactive Phase Nucleation in Self-Standing Films of Unpoled PVDF Nanocomposite Films

“…However, electric poling is not a convenient or cost-effective industrial approach. Recently, in order to overcome this problem associated with the nucleation of the electroactive state in PVDF, alternative strategies, such as mechanical stretching [ 6 , 7 ]; heat-controlled spin coating [ 8 ]; addition to the PVDF matrix of external additives such as clay [ 9 ], metal oxides [ 10 , 11 ], metal nanoparticles [ 12 , 13 ], or ceramic filler [ 14 ]; or a combination of spin coating and additive dissolution [ 15 ] have been proposed. Such additives are said to yield a large increase in the β -phase content.…”