Improved electrolyte for zinc-bromine flow batteries

Wu, Maochun; Zhao, Tianshou; Wei, Lei; Jiang, Haoran; Zhang, Ruihan

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2018.03.006

Cited by 109 publications

(41 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…The electrolytes, which are made up of active materials, supporting electrolytes and additives, serve as important media to store and release energy . Thus, the properties of the electrolytes including the solubility, conductivity, and stability have significant effects on the performance and cycling stability of ZFBs. The standards for the option of including a supporting electrolyte are based on the electrochemical kinetics of the active species at the electrode–electrolyte interface, the electrolyte solubility, and a minimal cross‐contamination of the active materials .…”

Section: Advanced Materials For Zinc‐based Flow Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

et al. 2019

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stability and efficiency of the electric grid to portable electronic devices as well as supplying backup power in districts with limited grid connectivity or in off-grid applications, [4][5][6][7] are an effective approach to address these issues.Among the numerous electrochemical energy storage techniques, flow batteries (FBs) are well suited for energy storage because of their perfect combination of high safety, high efficiency and flexibility. [8][9][10] A flow battery realizes the transformation of chemical energy into electric energy through the oxidation and reduction reactions of redox couples stored in electrolytes that typically circulate through the anode and cathode, which are normally separated by an ionconducting membrane. [11] Compared with other battery systems such as lithium-based batteries and lead-based batteries, the power of a flow battery is determined by the size and number of cell stacks, while the energy or capacity of the battery depends on the concentration and the volume of the redox couples in the electrolytes. [12] Hence, the power and energy or capacity of a flow battery can be designed independently, [13] allowing the power of a flow battery to range from the 100 kW to the 100 MW level and the energy of a flow battery to range from the 100 kWh to the 100 MWh level. [14] Normally, the electrolyte of a flow battery consists of an aqueous solution, which endows the technology with high safety and minimal potential risk of fire or explosion. These advantages of flow battery technologies make such devices very suitable for energy storage applications.As a representative flow battery technology, the vanadium flow battery (VFB) has long been considered as one of the most mature technologies and is currently at the commercial demonstration stage. [8,15] However, some limitations and challenges, e.g., the relatively high cost [16] and low energy density, still need to be overcome to realize its industrialization. Recently, tremendous efforts have been devoted to exploring and developing novel flow battery technologies with low costs and high energy densities, e.g., zinc-based flow batteries (ZFBs), [17][18][19][20][21] polymer-based flow batteries, [22][23][24] and quinone-based flow batteries. [25][26][27][28] These newly developed flow battery technologies have demonstrated promise for energy storage applications, although most are still in development in the lab.Zinc-based flow batteries (ZFBs) are well suitable for stationary energy storage applications because of their high energy density and low-cost advantages. Nevertheless, their wide application is still confronted with challenges, which are mainly from advanced materials. Therefore, research on advanced materials for ZFBs in terms of electrodes, membranes, and electrolytes as well as their chemistries are of the utmost importance. Herein, the focus is on the scientific understandings of the fundamental design of these advanced materials and their chemistries in relation to the battery performance. The principles of using different...

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Section: Advanced Materials For Zinc‐based Flow Batteriesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

et al. 2019

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“…However, in the present study, GF is only pretreated at 400 °C and used as active electrode in both cases (bare GF and AC loaded GF). However, the performance is not satisfactory when compared with the literature . To enhance the performance further, various approaches including surface modification (both chemical and physical), metal‐catalyst doping and etc., have been employed in Zn‐Br 2 as well as in all VRFB flow systems .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…As mentioned above the major barriers of this system is slow kinetics of Br − /Br 2 redox couple, poor reversibility, and imbalanced homogenous complexation of the Br − /Br 2 redox reaction . Recently, Roan et al, investigated the polyhalide complexation through modeling process in order to formulate the fast homogenous reaction kinetics of the poly bromide redox reaction.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Activated Carbon‐Anchored 3D Carbon Network for Bromine Activity and its Enhanced Electrochemical Performance in Zn−Br₂ Hybrid Redox Flow Battery

et al. 2019

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There has been a huge demand on the usage of biomass‐derived activated carbon as an electrode and electrocatalyst for energy storage and conversion applications owing to its abundance, high surface area, good chemical stability, low cost, and eco‐friendliness. Herein, we report for the first time, activated carbon (AC) derived from Phyllanthus Emblica Leaves (PEL) (Indian gooseberry) biomass as an electrocatalyst for enhancing the bromine electro‐kinetics. The AC‐anchored graphite felt (AC−GF) showed excellent improvement in the bromine reversibility, which reinforces the overall performance of the zinc bromine redox flow battery (ZBRFB). Specifically, the AC−GF showed significant improvement in voltage efficiency. The flow cell employing AC in the positive electrode showed high Coulombic, voltage, and energy efficiency of 99, 83 and 82 %, respectively at a current density of 30 mA cm−2. Furthermore, the cell showed good cycle performance with 96.43 % Coulombic efficiency retention even after 100 cycles. Thus, the significant improvement in the cell performance unveils the good electrochemical/catalytic activity of the AC and therefore can be used as a potential low‐cost electrocatalyst in ZBRFB.

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“…Among them, the redox flow batteries own advantages of high efficiency, long cycle life, and power/energy independent sizing . The zinc‐bromine redox flow battery (ZBB) is a promising candidate for its relatively high energy density (65–75 Wh/kg) and high cell voltage (1.82 V) compared with other similar systems . On the other side, the energy density is yet inferior to the rechargeable batteries based on zinc (Zn) metal anode, such as Ag−Zn (150 Wh/kg) and Zn−Ni .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Aqueous Hybrid Zinc‐Bromine Battery with High Voltage and Energy Density

Yuan

Huang

et al. 2020

ChemElectroChem

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The zinc-bromine redox flow battery (ZBB) is an ideal device of energy storage systems. Nevertheless, its energy density is relatively low compared to those of Li-ion batteries, due to its low output voltage. Herein, a high-voltage aqueous hybrid zincbromine battery system (AHZBBs) was developed, where K + -conducting membrane was used to segregate neutral-alkaline hybrid electrolytes and redox couples of Br 2 /Br À and [Zn(OH) 4 ] 2À / Zn at the positive and negative electrode. Benefited from an efficient and stable cathode catalyst (carbon-manganite nanoflakes), this AHZBB delivered a high average output voltage of 2.15 V and energy density of 276.7 Wh/kg without capacity attenuation after 200 cycles. More importantly, this work provides an efficient avenue to elevating the output voltage and energy density, and will strongly encourage studies on redox flow batteries.[a] Dr.

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Improved electrolyte for zinc-bromine flow batteries

Cited by 109 publications

References 70 publications

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

Activated Carbon‐Anchored 3D Carbon Network for Bromine Activity and its Enhanced Electrochemical Performance in Zn−Br₂ Hybrid Redox Flow Battery

An Aqueous Hybrid Zinc‐Bromine Battery with High Voltage and Energy Density

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Improved electrolyte for zinc-bromine flow batteries

Cited by 109 publications

References 70 publications

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

Advanced Materials for Zinc‐Based Flow Battery: Development and Challenge

Activated Carbon‐Anchored 3D Carbon Network for Bromine Activity and its Enhanced Electrochemical Performance in Zn−Br2 Hybrid Redox Flow Battery

An Aqueous Hybrid Zinc‐Bromine Battery with High Voltage and Energy Density

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Activated Carbon‐Anchored 3D Carbon Network for Bromine Activity and its Enhanced Electrochemical Performance in Zn−Br₂ Hybrid Redox Flow Battery