Improved Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Aflatoxin Bj in Agricultural Commodities

Chu, Fun Sun; Fan, Titan S.; Zhang, Guang-Shi; Xu, Yuanmei; Faust, S.; McMahon, Philip L.

doi:10.1093/jaoac/70.5.854

Cited by 21 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Low levels of aflatoxins, with a range of 0.7 to 38.4 ppb, were found in these samples. The analytical recovery of aflatoxins in corn at levels between 5 and 100 ppb by this method in various previous studies conducted in our laboratory was generally around 91% (3,4). The mean levels of aflatoxins in the LF, LM, CF, and CM were found to be 7.71 (range, 3.3 to 15 ppb), 4.57 (range, 0.95 to 9.95 ppb), 8.58 (range, 0.7 to 35.08 ppb), and 11.4 (range, 4.15 to 38.4 ppb) ppb, respectively.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

“…The Sep-Pak C-18 reverse-phase cartridge was obtained from Waters Associates (Milford, Mass.). Specific antibodies against mycotoxins and related immunochemical reagents were prepared in our laboratory (4,15,31). All other chemicals and organic solvents were either analytical grade or high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) grade.…”

Section: Materlals and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Simultaneous occurrence of fumonisin B1 and other mycotoxins in moldy corn collected from the People's Republic of China in regions with high incidences of esophageal cancer

Chu

1994

Appl Environ Microbiol

500

164

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

A total of 31 corn samples collected from households in the counties of Cixian and Linxian of the People's Republic of China, where high incidences of esophageal cancer have been reported, were analyzed for fumonisin B1 (FB1), aflatoxin, and total trichothecene mycotoxins. High levels of FB, (18 to 155 ppm; mean, 74 ppm) were found in 16 of the samples that showed heavy mold contamination. FB,, at lower levels (20 to 60 ppm; mean, 35.3 ppm), was also found in 15 samples, collected from the same households, that did not show any visible mold contamination. The levels of aflatoxin in the samples were low (1 to 38.4 ppb; mean, 8.61 ppb). High levels of total type-A trichothecenes were also found in the moldy corn samples (139 to 2,030 ppb; mean, 627 ppb). Immunochromatography of selected samples revealed that these samples contained T-2 toxin, HT-2 toxin, iso-neosolaniol, monoacetoxyscirpenol, and several other type-A trichothecenes. The concentration of total type-B trichothecenes in 15 moldy corn samples was in the range of 470 to 5,826 ppb (mean, 2,359 ppb). High levels (3.7 to 5.0 mg/g) of FBI were produced in corn in the laboratory by five Fusarium moniliforme strains isolated from the moldy corn. These fungi were also capable of forming various nitrosamines (5 to 16 ,ug per flask) in the presence of nitrate and precursor amines. The present data indicate that the presence of high levels of FB1 (a cancer promoter) and other mycotoxins in the moldy corn samples and the capability of producing nitrosamines (carcinogens) by F. moniliforme may play an important role in carcinogenesis in humans in Cixian and Linxian counties.

show abstract

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 65%

Section: Materlals and Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simultaneous occurrence of fumonisin B1 and other mycotoxins in moldy corn collected from the People's Republic of China in regions with high incidences of esophageal cancer

Chu

1994

Appl Environ Microbiol

500

164

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Duplicate flasks were removed at each harvest, and mycelia were collected by filtration through cheesecloth and then immediately frozen in liquid nitrogen. Culture filtrates were used in a direct competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the determination of AFB 1 concentrations (8). For the batch fermentation culture, fungal spores were inoculated into 250-ml Erlenmeyer flasks, each containing 100 ml of GMS medium, GMSϪZn, GMSϩNaNO 3 , or GMSϩNH 4 NO 3 .…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Regulation ofaflRand Its Product, AflR, Associated with Aflatoxin Biosynthesis

Liu

Chu

1998

Appl Environ Microbiol

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

We studied the role of the regulatory gene aflR and its product, AflR, in the biosynthesis of aflatoxin inAspergillus. Western blot and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay analyses revealed that aflatoxin B1 accumulation was directly related to AflR expression and was regulated by various environmental and nutritional conditions, including temperature, air supply, carbon source, nitrogen source, and zinc availability. Expression of an aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway structural gene,omtA, was regulated by the presence of AflR. Induction patterns for aflR mRNA and AflR were correlated with that for omtA mRNA in an aflatoxin-producing strain ofAspergillus parasiticus. Analysis of non-aflatoxin-producing strains of A. flavus,A. sojae, and A. oryzae grown in medium suitable for aflatoxin B1 production showed that both aflR mRNA and AflR production were present; however,omtA mRNA production was not detected in any of these examined strains. AflR in the A. oryzae strain was regulated by carbon source and temperature in a manner similar to that seen with A. parasiticus.

show abstract

“…A variety of analytical methods for a¯atoxin detection has been devised to ensure compliance with these standards (Chu et al 1987). ELISA is by far the most widely used serological test for the detection of mycotoxins because of its simplicity, adaptability and sensitivity (Pestka 1988).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Phage-displayed peptides that mimic aflatoxin B1 in serological reactivity

Thirumala‐Devi

Miller²,

Reddy

et al. 2001

J Appl Microbiol

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Aims: To test phage-displayed random peptide libraries as sources of peptides that mimic the binding of a¯atoxin B1 to monoclonal antibodies raised against the toxin. Methods and Results: For two of the three MAbs tested, clones were obtained by panning, producing phage that bound speci®cally to MAb 13D1±1D9 (MAb 24; speci®c for a¯atoxins B1 and G1) and MAb 6E12±1E9 (MAb 13; speci®c for a¯atoxins B1, G1 and B2) in ELISA. The amino acid sequences of the binding peptides varied. Those binding to MAb 24 contained the sequence of`¼YMD¼', and those that bound to MAb 13 contained the dipeptide`PW'. Mimotope phage was used in a competition ELISA format for assaying a¯atoxin concentrations. Conclusions:The results show that mimotope preparations are effective substitutes for pure toxin in these ELISA procedures. Signi®cance and Impact of the Study: 1These results should contribute signi®cantly to enhancing the safety and diminishing the costs of a¯atoxin assays.

show abstract

Improved Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Aflatoxin Bj in Agricultural Commodities

Cited by 21 publications

References 0 publications

Simultaneous occurrence of fumonisin B1 and other mycotoxins in moldy corn collected from the People's Republic of China in regions with high incidences of esophageal cancer

Simultaneous occurrence of fumonisin B1 and other mycotoxins in moldy corn collected from the People's Republic of China in regions with high incidences of esophageal cancer

Regulation ofaflRand Its Product, AflR, Associated with Aflatoxin Biosynthesis

Phage-displayed peptides that mimic aflatoxin B1 in serological reactivity

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About