Improved green plant regeneration rates from oat anther culture and the agronomic performance of some DH lines

Abstract

To improve plant regeneration from oat (Avena sativa L.) anther culture, the effects of induction medium supplements and culture conditions were studied. Significantly better plant regeneration rates were obtained with cultivars Lisbeth (naked type) and Aslak when a medium containing W 14 salts and vitamins, supplemented with 2,4-D D , BAP, Ethephon, L L -cysteine and myo-inositol, was used for induction in the dark compared with a medium containing only 2,4-D D and kinetin. Genotypes reacted differently on the light during the induction phase. Use of dim light significantly decreased the green plant regeneration rates in cv. Lisbeth, while in cv. Aslak the difference was not so clear. Up to 30 green plants per 100 anthers were recovered from Aslak · Lisbeth progeny and in total, over 500 oat regenerants were produced. With these numbers, acceptable rates of DH-production for cultivar breeding and genetic study purposes are approached. The agronomic performance of some DH lines was compared with that of the plants derived from commercial seeds of the same cultivars in the field experiment. A few differences were found, but generally DH lines yielded the same or more as the commercial cultivars.

Production of double haploids in oat (Avena sativa L.) by pollination with maize (Zea mays L.)

“…Moreover, DH lines can be used in the production of genetic maps, which help in the search for quantitative traits loci (QTL), conjugated with molecular markers and connected with many physiological processes, such as receptivity to the effectiveness of androgenesis or tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses [1,2]. Haploids can be obtained using a number of methods, namely: from male gametophyte by androgenesis, using anther cultures or isolated microspores cultures [3][4][5][6][7][8], or from female gametophytes by gynogenesis or wide crossing, usually with maize (a method also known as chromosomes elimination) [1,9,10]. In comparison to anther culture, pollination with maize has an advantage because all regenerated haploid embryos are green, whereas in anther culture many of them are albino.…”

Isolated microspore culture techniques and recent progress for haploid and doubled haploid plant production

“…Anther culture protocols have been published, but the response frequency is low, and therefore the method is not economically feasible for breeding programs (Kiviharju et al 2000;Kiviharju et al 2005). Recently, Sidhu and Davis (2009) reported regeneration of the first fertile, green plants from isolated microspores.…”

The effect of light intensity on the production of oat (Avena sativaL.) doubled haploids through oat × maize crosses

“…Similar conditions were described by Sidhu et al (2006), who kept embryos for 2 days in the dark and then transferred them to the light of 50 µE m -2 s -1 and 16-h photoperiod. Kiviharju et al (2005) reported that the embryo-like structure inducted from oat anthers was incubated in the dark or under dim light conditions (approximately 40 μmol m -2 s -1 ) and 16-h photoperiod. Nowakowska et al (2015) and Warchoł et al (2016) used only light conditions, without the dark period, for the germination of oat haploid embryos; the intensity of radiation in an in vitro chamber was about 100 μmol m -2 s -1 and 60 µmol m -2 s -1 , respectively, and 16-h photoperiod.…”