Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a prevalent
global
liver disorder, posing substantial health risks. Britanin, a bioactive
sesquiterpene lactone extracted from Inula japonica, has demonstrated
antidiabetic, hypolipidemic, and hepatoprotective attributes. Nonetheless,
the precise impact of Britanin on NAFLD and the intricate biological
mechanisms underpinning this interaction remain unexplored. We integrated
computer-aided methods to unearth shared biological targets and signaling
pathways associated with both Britanin and NAFLD. A network was constructed
by compiling putative targets associated with Britanin and NAFLD,
followed by a stringent screening of key targets and mechanisms through
protein–protein interaction analysis along with GO and KEGG
pathway enrichment analyses. Molecular docking was integrated as an
evaluation tool, culminating in the identification of HO-1 as the
pivotal therapeutic target, showcasing a satisfactory binding affinity.
The primary mechanism was ascribed to biological processes and pathways
linked to oxidative stress, as evidenced by the outcomes of enrichment
analyses. Of these, the AMPK/SREBP1c pathway assumed centrality in
this mechanism. Furthermore, in vivo experiments substantiated that
Britanin effectively curtailed NAFLD development by ameliorating liver
injury, modulating hyperlipidemia and hepatic lipid accumulation,
and alleviating oxidative stress and apoptosis. In summary, this study
demonstrates the potential of Britanin as a promising therapeutic
drug against NAFLD.