Improved Injection in n-Type Organic Transistors with Conjugated Polyelectrolytes

Seo, Jung Hwa; Gutacker, Andrea; Walker, Bright; Cho, Shinuk; García, Alberto Luis García; Yang, Renqiang; Nguyen, Thuc‐Quyen; Heeger, Alan J.; Bazan, Guillermo C.

doi:10.1021/ja908441c

Cited by 120 publications

(136 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…[1][2][3] In recent years, CPEs have been extensively studied in the field of organic optoelectronics as they can easily form a uniform thin film via solution processing on top of an emissive layer without suffering an intermixing problem between the two layers. [4][5][6][7][8][9][10] It was reported that the charged nature of CPEs has the ability to enhance polymer light-emitting diode (PLED) efficiencies as a consequence of reduction in the energy barrier for electron injection from high work function metals, much in the same way that charge trapping can, but with greater control and no requirement for pre-stressing. 11 This is understood mainly due to the formation of permanent dipoles at the CPE/metal interface 12,13 as also achieved with dipolar self-assembled monolayers (SAMs), but without their need for specific interface chemistry.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Efficiency Polymer LEDs with Fast Response Times Fabricated via Selection of Electron-Injecting Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Backbone Structure

Suh

Bailey

Kim

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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Imidazolium ionic side-group-containing fluorene-based conjugated polyelectrolytes (CPEs) with different π-conjugated structures, poly[(9,9-bis(8'-(3"-methyl-1"-imidazolium)octyl)-2,7-fluorene)-alt-2,7-(9,9-dioctylfluorene)] dibromide (F8im-Br) and poly [(9,9-bis(8'-(3"-methyl-are synthesized and utilized as an electron injection layer (EIL) in green-emitting F8BT polymer light-emitting diodes (PLEDs). Both CPE EIL devices significantly outperform Ca cathode devices; 17.9 cd A -1 (at 3.8 V) and 16.6 lm W -1 (at 3.0 V) for F8imBT-Br devices, 11.1 cd A -1 (at 4.2 V) and 9.1 lm W -1 (at 3.4 V) for F8im-Br devices, and 7.2 cd A -1 (at 3.6 V) and 7.0 lm W -1 (at 3.0 V) for Ca devices. Importantly, unlike the F8im-Br EIL devices, F8imBT-Br PLEDs exhibit much faster electroluminescence turn-on times (< 10 μs) despite both EILs possessing the same tethered imidazolium and mobile bromide ions. The F8imBT-Br devices represent, to the best of our knowledge, the highest efficiency in thin (70 nm) single-layer F8BT PLEDs in conventional device architecture with the fastest EL response time using CPE EIL with mobile ions. Our results clearly indicate the importance of an additional factor of EIL materials, specifically the conjugated backbone structure, to determine the device efficiency and response times.3

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Efficiency Polymer LEDs with Fast Response Times Fabricated via Selection of Electron-Injecting Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Backbone Structure

Suh

Bailey

Kim

et al. 2015

ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces

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“…The IFLs were deposited by simply spin-coating their methanol solutions having a concentration of 0.01% (w/v) (P3TMAHT) and 0.2% (w/v) PF2/6-b-P3TMAHT onto the active layer. The low concentrations were used for minimizing IFL thickness and preventing possible complications due to ion motion and concomitant redistribution of internal electric fields in the device [69]. The incorporation of these novel polyelectrolyte based cathode IFLs resulted in greatly improved PCEs of 6.1% for the P3TMAHT cells and 6.2% for the PF2/6-b-P3TMAHT cells versus the PCE of 5.0% for the control devices without the polymer IFL.…”

Section: Water/alcohol Soluble Conjugated Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interfacial Layer Engineering for Performance Enhancement in Polymer Solar Cells

et al. 2015

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Improving power conversion efficiency and device performance stability is the most critical challenge in polymer solar cells for fulfilling their applications in industry at large scale. Various methodologies have been developed for realizing this goal, among them interfacial layer engineering has shown great success, which can optimize the electrical contacts between active layers and electrodes and lead to enhanced charge transport and collection. Interfacial layers also show profound impacts on light absorption and optical distribution of solar irradiation in the active layer and film morphology of the subsequently deposited active layer due to the accompanied surface energy change. Interfacial layer engineering enables the use of high work function metal electrodes without sacrificing device performance, which in combination with the favored kinetic barriers against water and oxygen penetration leads to polymer solar cells with enhanced performance stability. This review provides an overview of the recent progress of different types of interfacial layer materials, including polymers, small molecules, graphene oxides, fullerene derivatives, and metal oxides. Device performance enhancement of the resulting solar cells will be elucidated and the function and operation mechanism of the interfacial layers will be discussed. OPEN ACCESSPolymers 2015, 7 334

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“…. 14 2.10 Dependence of the work function of molecule-coated substrates, Φ ORG/SU B , on the workfunction of bare substrates, Φ SU B , for APFO-Green1 [78]. The solid line is added as a guide to the eye, illustrating the slope=1 dependence expected for vacuum level alignment.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Controlling the Electronic Interface Properties in Polymer–Fullerene Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

Stubhan

Wolf

Manara

et al. 2016

Elementary Processes in Organic Photovoltaics

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Improved Injection in n-Type Organic Transistors with Conjugated Polyelectrolytes

Cited by 120 publications

References 28 publications

High-Efficiency Polymer LEDs with Fast Response Times Fabricated via Selection of Electron-Injecting Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Backbone Structure

High-Efficiency Polymer LEDs with Fast Response Times Fabricated via Selection of Electron-Injecting Conjugated Polyelectrolyte Backbone Structure

Interfacial Layer Engineering for Performance Enhancement in Polymer Solar Cells

Controlling the Electronic Interface Properties in Polymer–Fullerene Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

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