Improved mechanical strength of p(AAm) interpenetrating hydrogel network due to microgranular cellulose embedding

Şahiner, Nurettin; Demirci, Şahin

doi:10.1002/app.44854

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…As a rule, cellulose in different forms is introduced into synthetic hydrogels to improve their mechanical properties. For example, just some little amounts of micro-granulated cellulose being introduced into the hydrogels of polyacrylamide (PAAm) at the stage of their synthesis (10 -150 mg per 1 g of acrylamide) insure the increase of the Young's modulus of the material up to 1.5 times (Sahiner, Demirci, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-strength cellulose–polyacrylamide hydrogels: Mechanical behavior and structure depending on the type of cellulose

Buyanov

Gofman

Сапрыкина

2019

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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Two types of high-strength composite hydrogels possessing the structure of interpenetrating polymer networks were synthesized via free-radical polymerization of acrylamide carried out straight within the matrix of plant or bacterial cellulose swollen in the reactive solution. The mechanical behavior of synthesized hydrogels subjected to the action of compressive deformations with different amplitude values was studied. The analysis of the stress-strain curves of compression tests of the hydrogels of both types obtained in different test conditions demonstrates the substantial difference in their mechanical behavior. Both the plant cellulose-based and bacterial cellulose-based hydrogels withstand successfully the compression with the amplitude up to 80 %, but the bacterial cellulose-based compositions demonstrate in the multiple compression tests the substantial decrease of the mechanical stiffness caused by the action of compressions. This effect takes place straightly during the multiple cyclic compression tests or in the course of relaxation of previously compressed samples in water in unloaded state during 2-3 days after the first compressive tests. Being subjected to the action of the extremely sever compression (up to 80 %) the bacterial cellulose-based hydrogel varies greatly its mechanical behavior: during the subsequent compressions the stiffness of the material keeps extremely small (as compared to that registered in the first compression) up to the deformations as high as 50-60 % with the dramatic increase of the stiffness during the further loading. This unusual effect can be explained by the deep reorganization of the intermolecular structure of the material with the stress-induced reorientation of cellulose micro-fibrils, fragmentation and disintegration of the interpenetrating networks structure with the breaking of the covalent bonds in the matrix polymer. Submicron-and micron-scale specific features of structures of composite hydrogels of both types were studied by cryo-scanning electron microscopy to explain the peculiarities of observed mechanical effects.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

High-strength cellulose–polyacrylamide hydrogels: Mechanical behavior and structure depending on the type of cellulose

Buyanov

Gofman

Сапрыкина

2019

Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials

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“…To improve the biocompatibility of synthetic hydrogels, biomacromolecules such as collagen, fibrin, fibronectin or various polysaccharides can be introduced as the fillers of gel networks …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biomimetic gels with chemical and physical interpenetrating networks

Dobreikina

Shklyar

Сафронов

et al. 2018

Polymer International

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This study aimed to create and to characterize the functional properties of gels with semi-interpenetrating network (semi-IPN) with focus on possible use of these composites in biomedical engineering. Polyacrylamide as a synthetic biocompatible polymer was chosen for the chemical network. The physical network comprised the gel-forming polysaccharides xanthan gum or gellan gum. Gels were synthesized by radical polymerization of acrylamide in aqueous solutions of polysaccharides. Mechanical and electrical properties of gels with 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 wt% content of polysaccharide were investigated. It was found that the inclusion of a small amount of xanthan or gellan into the polymeric network of a polyacrylamide gel significantly shifts the gel electrical potential towards the rest potential of living cells and Young's modulus towards the elasticity limits of biological soft tissues like non-activated muscles. From the viewpoint of biomedical applications, the main advantage of the proposed composites is that the semi-IPN structure provides a nonlinear dependence of gel tension on gel deformation, which mimics the elasticity of natural tissues. This feature opens the possibility for the promising use of the proposed gels for musculoskeletal minibioimplants or scaffolds for tissue engineering.

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“…However, the crosslinked PHEMA is not fragile but can be broken by applying pressure. Numerous articles on cellulose- and acrylate-based IPNs [ 45 , 46 , 47 , 48 ] report that the mechanical properties of cellulose could be significantly improved by introducing the acrylic polymer. The same effect was observed for the obtained IPNs in this study, as the IPN became very rigid and could not be broken easily.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel Based on Cellulose, Applied to Remove Colorant Traces from the Water Medium: Electrostatic Interactions Analysis

et al. 2022

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The main objective of this work was the removal of eosin Y and green malachite from an aqueous medium by using a cellulose-based biodegradable interpenetrated network (IPN). The IPN was obtained by the sequenced synthesis method. In the first step, cellulose was crosslinked with epichlorohydrin (ECH). In the second step, the obtained gels were swollen in a reactive mixture solution, which was based on the monomers 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate (HEMA) and 1,6- hexanediol diacrylate (HDDA). After this, swelling equilibrium was reached through the gels’ exposition to UV radiation. An infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) was used to analyze the bond stretching, which confirmed the IPN’s formation. The swelling kinetics in aqueous mediums with different pH values showed a high swelling at a basic pH value and a low response in neutral and acidic media. The IPNs showed an improvement in water uptake, compared to the networks based on PHEMA or cellulose. The IPN was used to remove dyes from the water. The results showed that a high percentage of green malachite was removed by the IPN in six minutes of contact time. The experimental results were confirmed by the docking/modeling method of the system (IPN/Dye). The different physical interactions between the IPN and the dyes’ molecules were investigated. The interactions of the hydrogen bonds with malachite green were stronger than those with eosin Y, which was in good agreement with the experimental results.

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Improved mechanical strength of p(AAm) interpenetrating hydrogel network due to microgranular cellulose embedding

Cited by 9 publications

References 37 publications

High-strength cellulose–polyacrylamide hydrogels: Mechanical behavior and structure depending on the type of cellulose

High-strength cellulose–polyacrylamide hydrogels: Mechanical behavior and structure depending on the type of cellulose

Biomimetic gels with chemical and physical interpenetrating networks

An Interpenetrating Polymer Network Hydrogel Based on Cellulose, Applied to Remove Colorant Traces from the Water Medium: Electrostatic Interactions Analysis

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