Improved method for isotopic and quantitative analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon in natural water samples

Assayag, N.; Rivé, Karine; Ader, Magali; Jézéquel, Didier; Agrinier, Pierre

doi:10.1002/rcm.2585

Cited by 121 publications

(129 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…Stable carbon isotope ratios of DIC (δ 13 C DIC ) were measured according the method described by Assayag et al (2006). δ 13 C DIC analyses were performed on an isotope ratio mass spectrometer (IRMS) coupled to a Gasbench II (Finnigan MAT Delta Plus XL, Bremen, Germany) and a CTC PAL-80 autosampler.…”

Section: C Analyses Of Dicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon reflect utilization of different carbon sources by microbial communities in two limestone aquifer assemblages

Nowak

Schwab

Lazar

et al. 2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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Abstract. Isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) are used to indicate both transit times and biogeochemical evolution of groundwaters. These signals can be complicated in carbonate aquifers, as both abiotic (i.e., carbonate equilibria) and biotic factors influence the δ 13 C and 14 C of DIC. We applied a novel graphical method for tracking changes in the δ 13 C and 14 C of DIC in two distinct aquifer complexes identified in the Hainich Critical Zone Exploratory (CZE), a platform to study how water transport links surface and shallow groundwaters in limestone and marlstone rocks in central Germany. For more quantitative estimates of contributions of different biotic and abiotic carbon sources to the DIC pool, we used the NETPATH geochemical modeling program, which accounts for changes in dissolved ions in addition to C isotopes.Although water residence times in the Hainich CZE aquifers based on hydrogeology are relatively short (years or less), DIC isotopes in the shallow, mostly anoxic, aquifer assemblage (HTU) were depleted in 14 C compared to a deeper, oxic, aquifer complex (HTL). Carbon isotopes and chemical changes in the deeper HTL wells could be explained by interaction of recharge waters equilibrated with post-bomb 14 C sources with carbonates. However, oxygen depletion and δ 13 C and 14 C values of DIC below those expected from the processes of carbonate equilibrium alone indicate considerably different biogeochemical evolution of waters in the upper aquifer assemblage (HTU wells). Changes in 14 C and 13 C in the upper aquifer complexes result from a number of biotic and abiotic processes, including oxidation of 14 C-depleted OM derived from recycled microbial carbon and sedimentary organic matter as well as water-rock interactions. The microbial pathways inferred from DIC isotope shifts and changes in water chemistry in the HTU wells were supported by comparison with in situ microbial community structure based on 16S rRNA analyses.Our findings demonstrate the large variation in the importance of biotic as well as abiotic controls on 13 C and 14 C of DIC in closely related aquifer assemblages. Further, they support the importance of subsurface-derived carbon sources like DIC for chemolithoautotrophic microorganisms as well as rock-derived organic matter for supporting heterotrophic groundwater microbial communities and indicate that even shallow aquifers have microbial communities that use a variety of subsurface-derived carbon sources.

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Section: C Analyses Of Dicmentioning

confidence: 99%

Carbon isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon reflect utilization of different carbon sources by microbial communities in two limestone aquifer assemblages

Nowak

Schwab

Lazar

et al. 2017

Hydrol. Earth Syst. Sci.

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“…Butane concentrations were measured by gas-chromatographic headspace analysis (oven 110 1C, injector 150 1C, detector 280 1C, nitrogen carrier gas) as described before (Musat and Widdel, 2008). The C-isotopic composition of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from sediment slurries was analyzed using gas chromatography combustion isotope ratio mass spectrometry (Fisons VG Optima) according to Assayag et al (2006). Biological activity of the DIC controls was halted by the addition of 4% paraformaldehyde (final concentration).…”

Section: Chemical Analysismentioning

confidence: 99%

Diverse sulfate-reducing bacteria of the Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus clade are the key alkane degraders at marine seeps

et al. 2014

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Biogeochemical and microbiological data indicate that the anaerobic oxidation of non-methane hydrocarbons by sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) has an important role in carbon and sulfur cycling at marine seeps. Yet, little is known about the bacterial hydrocarbon degraders active in situ. Here, we provide the link between previous biogeochemical measurements and the cultivation of degraders by direct identification of SRB responsible for butane and dodecane degradation in complex on-site microbiota. Two contrasting seep sediments from Mediterranean Amon mud volcano and Guaymas Basin (Gulf of California) were incubated with 13 C-labeled butane or dodecane under sulfate-reducing conditions and analyzed via complementary stable isotope probing (SIP) techniques. Using DNA-and rRNA-SIP, we identified four specialized clades of alkane oxidizers within Desulfobacteraceae to be distinctively active in oxidation of short-and long-chain alkanes. All clades belong to the Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus (DSS) clade, substantiating the crucial role of these bacteria in anaerobic hydrocarbon degradation at marine seeps. The identification of key enzymes of anaerobic alkane degradation, subsequent b-oxidation and the reverse Wood-Ljungdahl pathway for complete substrate oxidation by protein-SIP further corroborated the importance of the DSS clade and indicated that biochemical pathways, analog to those discovered in the laboratory, are of great relevance for natural settings. The high diversity within identified subclades together with their capability to initiate alkane degradation and growth within days to weeks after substrate amendment suggest an overlooked potential of marine benthic microbiota to react to natural changes in seepage, as well as to massive hydrocarbon input, for example, as encountered during anthropogenic oil spills.

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“…Subsamples (5 ml) were poisoned with 30 ml of saturated mercury chloride solution. The isotopic component of DIC was determined after acidifying with 1% final concentration of hypo-phosphoric acid as described by Assayag et al (2006) and was analysed on a gas chromatography-isotope ratio monitoring mass spectrometry (Optima Micromass, Manchester, UK). Any loss of 13 C-DIC in the medium because of gaseous exchange with atmospheric CO 2 was corrected for as described in Sheik et al (2013).…”

Section: Carbon Remineralisationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Responses of the coastal bacterial community to viral infection of the algae Phaeocystis globosa

et al. 2013

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The release of organic material upon algal cell lyses has a key role in structuring bacterial communities and affects the cycling of biolimiting elements in the marine environment. Here we show that already before cell lysis the leakage or excretion of organic matter by infected yet intact algal cells shaped North Sea bacterial community composition and enhanced bacterial substrate assimilation. Infected algal cultures of Phaeocystis globosa grown in coastal North Sea water contained gamma-and alphaproteobacterial phylotypes that were distinct from those in the noninfected control cultures 5 h after infection. The gammaproteobacterial population at this time mainly consisted of Alteromonas sp. cells that were attached to the infected but still intact host cells. Nano-scale secondary-ion mass spectrometry (nanoSIMS) showed B20% transfer of organic matter derived from the infected 13 C-and 15 N-labelled P. globosa cells to Alteromonas sp. cells. Subsequent, viral lysis of P. globosa resulted in the formation of aggregates that were densely colonised by bacteria. Aggregate dissolution was observed after 2 days, which we attribute to bacteriophage-induced lysis of the attached bacteria. Isotope mass spectrometry analysis showed that 40% of the particulate 13 C-organic carbon from the infected P. globosa culture was remineralized to dissolved inorganic carbon after 7 days. These findings reveal a novel role of viruses in the leakage or excretion of algal biomass upon infection, which provides an additional ecological niche for specific bacterial populations and potentially redirects carbon availability.

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Improved method for isotopic and quantitative analysis of dissolved inorganic carbon in natural water samples

Cited by 121 publications

References 33 publications

Carbon isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon reflect utilization of different carbon sources by microbial communities in two limestone aquifer assemblages

Carbon isotopes of dissolved inorganic carbon reflect utilization of different carbon sources by microbial communities in two limestone aquifer assemblages

Diverse sulfate-reducing bacteria of the Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus clade are the key alkane degraders at marine seeps

Responses of the coastal bacterial community to viral infection of the algae Phaeocystis globosa

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