Improved Quantitative Method for the Determination of Aldicarb and Its Oxidation Products in Plant Materials

Carey, W.F.; Helrich, Kenneth

doi:10.1093/jaoac/53.6.1296

Cited by 3 publications

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“…Toxic residues of aldicarb were determined, as aldicarb sulphone, by a modification of the method of Carey & Helrich (1970) in which the plant extract was treated with peracetic acid to convert aldicarb and its sulphoxide to aldicarb sulphone before cleaning up on a column of 'Florisil'.…”

Section: Aldicarb Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of irrigation, nitrogen fertilizer and the control of pests and pathogens on spring-sown field beans (Vicia fabaL.) and residual effects on two following winter wheat crops

et al. 1981

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Experiments started in 1976Experiments started in , 1977Experiments started in and 1978 on Clay-with-Flints soil at Rothamsted tested the effects of combinations of eight two-level factors on spring-sown field beans. Factors tested, presence v. absence, were irrigation, nitrogen fertilizer, aldicarb, fonofos (dieldrin in 1976), benomyl to the seed bed, permethrin (fenitrothion in 1976), pirimicarb, benomyl foliar spray (not tested in 1976).The main pests and diseases present were nematodes of the genus Pratylenchus, the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, the pea and bean weevil Sitona lineatus, root blackening associated with the fungal genera Pythium and Fusarium, the foliar diseases chocolate spot, Botrytis spp., rust, Uromyces fabae and bean leaf roll virus.Incidence of these pests and diseases varied between years. Controlling those present increased yield by about 0-7 t grain/ha each year. The difficulty of apportioning this increase to particular pests and diseases is discussed. ' Irrigation increased total dry-matter production and grain yield in 1976 and 1978 but only total dry-matter production in 1977, when grain yield was lost because of lodging. Nitrogen fertilizer had little or no effect.The most favourable combinations of treatments gave yields of 3-4, 5-0 and 6-4 t grain/ha in the 3 years respectively. Small yields in 1976, despite irrigation, were attributed to premature senescence caused by exceptionally high temperatures. It is suggested that with good control of pests and diseases yields of at least 5 t/ha should be attainable on Clay-with-Flints soil without irrigation in years of average temperature and rainfall and yields in excess of 6 t/ha when the soil-moisture deficit is lessened by either above-average rainfall or irrigation.Treatments applied to the beans had little or no effect on two following crops of winter wheat. INTRODUCTIONseasonal variations in yield and to determine the size of yields when known pathological constraints The introduction of residual weedkillers and were removed. The pests under study were nemainsecticides able to control black bean aphids todes and insects, and the pathogens were root and (Aphis fabae Scop.) increased the prospects of foliar fungi and viruses. growing satisfactory crops of spring-sown field Of the migratory nematode genera present in beans (Viciafaba L.). Despite these introductions Rothamsted soils, Pratylenchus Filipjev and small average yield and large seasonal variations Tylenchorhynchus Cobb are known to damage roots are still major problems. Recently additional pests of field beans (Oostenbrink, 1954; Whitehead & and pathogens, whose incidence and ability to Fraser, 1972). Pratylenchus Micoletzsky and Helicause damage differ each season, have been shown cotylenchus Steiner are known to attack barley to attack beans. The experiments described here (Coursen, Rohde & Jenkins, 1958;Taylor, 1960). attempted to control a wide range of these to At Rothamsted the predominant genus attacking determine the extent to which this could lessen field be...

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Section: Aldicarb Residuesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of irrigation, nitrogen fertilizer and the control of pests and pathogens on spring-sown field beans (Vicia fabaL.) and residual effects on two following winter wheat crops

et al. 1981

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“…Extraction of Total Aldicarb. The extraction method developed by Carey and Helrich (1970) formed the basis of this method but was eventually changed to such an extent that the full modified method is reported in this paper.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Residues of aldicarb and fenamiphos in soil, leaves, and fruit from a treated vineyard

Krause¹,

Loubser²,

Beer³

1986

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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Residues of aldicarb and fenamiphos [parent compound, sulfoxide, and sulfone metabolites analyzed as sulfone and expressed as total aldicarb (TA) or total fenamiphos (TF)] in the roots, soil, leaves, and fruit from vineyards were determined with a gas chromatograph equipped with packed columns. Temik (aldicarb) granules at 5 kg/ha and Nemacur (fenamiphos) granules at 20 kg/ha were applied either in scatter over the entire area (broadcast) or in 20-cm bands on either side of the rows of vines. No residues

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“…Because of limited analytical facilities, only leaf samples were analysed in the case of strip applications. Aldicarb and fenamiphos residues were quantified according to the methods of Carey & Helrich (1970) and Hild & Thier (1978) after oxidation to aldicarb sulphone and fenamiphos sulphone respectively. Fruit samples were analysed for residues 29 days, 15 days, 8 days before, as well as at harvest, by using the same methods.…”

Section: Movement and Persistance Of Nematicidesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Strategies for Chemical Control of Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Established Vineyards

Loubsera¹,

Meyer

2017

SAJEV

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Grapevine root growth was measured for vertical and horizontal distribution as well as seasonal growth periods. The persistance of aldicarb and fenamiphos in the soil as well as in leaves and fruit of grapevines was monitored over a prolonged period to establish behaviour patterns which inflnence chemical control strategies. Most roots occurred within 600 mm from the trunk, both vertically and horizontally. Two periods of root development occurred annually. Accordingly applications of nematicides should be made in a band covering 600 mm on both sides of the vine trunk, either after harvest and/or during budburst. Results on residues of aldicarb and fenamiphos stress the importance of adequate water supply after application. Both nematicides will reach the bulk of the roots if correctly placed and were still detected after 42 days and 70 days respectively. Applications during spring with aldicarb and fenamiphos at the dosages used will have no effect on the fermentation of grape musts nor result in toxic residues exceeding 0,05 mg/kg in the grapes.

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Improved Quantitative Method for the Determination of Aldicarb and Its Oxidation Products in Plant Materials

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of irrigation, nitrogen fertilizer and the control of pests and pathogens on spring-sown field beans (Vicia fabaL.) and residual effects on two following winter wheat crops

The effects of irrigation, nitrogen fertilizer and the control of pests and pathogens on spring-sown field beans (Vicia fabaL.) and residual effects on two following winter wheat crops

Residues of aldicarb and fenamiphos in soil, leaves, and fruit from a treated vineyard

Strategies for Chemical Control of Root-knot Nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) in Established Vineyards

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