Improved Safety and Loadability of Coated DBX-1

Puszynski, Jan A.; Mehta, Neha; Oyler, Karl D.; Cheng, Gartung; Shah, Akash; Yee, Kin; Bichay, Magdy

doi:10.1080/07370652.2016.1263692

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…However, DBX-1 has made little progress in replacing LA. The main reasons hindering the adoption of DBX-1 are related to its production procedure and product quality [11][12]. In addition, most of the synthesized products are irregular flakes with poor flowability, which affects the loading density and safety.…”

Section: Omentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Furthermore, in terms of use, DBX-1 has shown some loadability issues when tested in manufacturing facilities. In order to solve this problem, Puszynski et al [12] selected several additives such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and ethyl cellulose (Ethocel TM ) to coat DBX-1 for improving the flowability and safe pressing of DBX-1.…”

Section: Omentioning

confidence: 99%

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Study on synthesis and characterization of spherical copper(I) 5‐nitrotetrazolate (DBX‐1)

Yang,

Lai,

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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Traditional primary explosives often contain heavy metals, especially toxic lead, such as lead azide (LA) and lead styphnate (LS) that can cause environmental pollution problems. Copper(I) 5‐nitrotetrazolate (DBX‐1) is a green primary explosive without toxic heavy metals, which is considered as one of the most promising alternatives to LA. DBX‐1 is usually synthesized from sodium 5‐nitrotetrazolate dihydrate (NaNT ⋅ 2H2O) and copper(I) chloride (CuCl). However, most of the synthesized products are irregular flakes with poor flowability, which affects the loadability. In this study, dextrin was used as a crystal shape modifier to improve the morphology of the synthesized product. Taguchi analysis method was used to determine the optimal experimental conditions for obtaining the spherical DBX‐1 with smaller particle size. The synthesized products were characterized by SEM, FTIR, UV‐Vis, STA TG‐DSC and VST, and their sensitivity was determined by BAM fallhammer, BAM friction tester and electrostatic spark sensitivity tester. The experiment results showed that the optimal combination of synthesis parameters was the NaNT ⋅ 2H2O concentration of 4.4 wt.%, the reaction temperature of 100 °C, the reaction time of 75 min and the additional dextrin solution of 5.0 mL. The average particle size of the synthesized spherical DBX‐1 was 33.0 μm. The decomposition activation energy was calculated by Kissinger method and Ozawa method to be 178.5 and 178.8 kJ/mol, respectively. The compound had good chemical stability. In addition, the sensitivity of spherical DBX‐1 was lower compared to that of flaky DBX‐1 and LA.

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Section: Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Study on synthesis and characterization of spherical copper(I) 5‐nitrotetrazolate (DBX‐1)

Yang,

Lai,

et al. 2023

Propellants Explo Pyrotec

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“…It is very difficult to explore novel primary explosive for the contradiction between safe properties and initiation ability. Many of new primary explosives were explore, such as DBX-1 [10][11][12] , potassium K2DNABT [13][14] , K2BDFOF [15] , ICM-103 [16] , TTA [17][18] , K2BDNMF [19] , K2BDNAF [20] , BDTHT [21] , the molecular structure of these novel primary explosive has shown in Figure 1. Most of them have shown good initiated properties, but without good resistance high temperature due to low decomposition temperature from the DSC.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Barium 5-nitriminotetrazolate - A Powerful Primary Explosive with Resistance High Temperature Properties

Ni¹,

Liu²,

Jia³

et al. 2022

J. Phys.: Conf. Ser.

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The primary explosive of barium 5-nitriminotetrazolate was obtained by dehydrating the crystal waters of barium 5-nitriminotetrazolate dihydrate under high temperature, which was shown high decomposition temperature of 384 °C by differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The preparation route of barium 5-nitriminotetrazolate was relatively safe through using the potassium 5-nitriminotetrazolate as raw material. Barium 5-nitriminotetrazolate could easily initiate hexanitrostilbene (HNS) in combination with long-time stability and low sensitivities, which was promised to apply in high temperature initiator of military and civilian.

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Potassium Nitraminofurazan Derivatives: Potential Green Primary Explosives with High Energy and Comparable Low Friction Sensitivities

Shi

Huang

et al. 2017

Chemistry A European J

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Lead-based primary explosives were widely applied in military and civilian ammunition, which have subsequently caused serious environmental and health-related problems. Therefore, the development of green alternatives for the lead-based primary explosives has been one of the major focuses in the field of energetic materials. Four potassium salts based on nitraminofurazan have been easily synthesized and show excellent comprehensive performances. Among them, potassium 3-dinitromethyl-4-nitraminofurazan (K DNMNAF, 1) showed better thermal stability (T : 281.4 °C), higher density (2.174 g cm ), and lower friction sensitivities (72 N) than that of potassium 4,5-bis(dinitromethyl)furoxanate (K BDNMF, T : 218.3 °C, density: 2.130 g cm , FS: 5 N, P: 27.3 GPa, v : 7759 m s ); furthermore, it displayed comparable detonation performances (P: 27.2 GPa, v : 7758 m s ). The promising properties of these salts make this kind of material a competitive alternative to lead azide as a primary explosive.

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Improved Safety and Loadability of Coated DBX-1

Cited by 3 publications

References 4 publications

Study on synthesis and characterization of spherical copper(I) 5‐nitrotetrazolate (DBX‐1)

Study on synthesis and characterization of spherical copper(I) 5‐nitrotetrazolate (DBX‐1)

Barium 5-nitriminotetrazolate - A Powerful Primary Explosive with Resistance High Temperature Properties

Potassium Nitraminofurazan Derivatives: Potential Green Primary Explosives with High Energy and Comparable Low Friction Sensitivities

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