Improved Skin Test for Differential Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis by the Addition of Rv3020c-Derived Peptides

Jones, Gareth; Whelan, Adam O.; Clifford, Derek; Coad, Mick; Vordermeier, H. Martin

doi:10.1128/cvi.00024-12

Cited by 41 publications

(61 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…To increase the sensitivity of CFP-10/ESAT-6 peptides or a protein cocktail-based skin test, some other antigens were added, such as Rv3615c. Some of these antigens may exist in other mycobacterial strains but could not trigger DTH in healthy or M. avium-infected animals (6,14,17).Because of the lack of vaccination of cattle in China and the existence of M. avium in some local areas, we focused on screening antigens that could be used to differentiate TB-infected cattle from M. avium-infected ones. CFP-10 and ESAT-6 are expressed in MTC strains and can induce DTH in M. bovis-infected cattle (6, 15).…”

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

“…Recent studies focused mainly on the development of skin test reagents to discriminate infected from vaccinated cattle (DIVA test), in which M. bovis-specific antigens, such as CFP10 and ESAT-6, were often selected as stimuli for the skin test (6,11,(14)(15)(16). Those antigens were located in RD1, deleted in M. bovis BCG strains, and could elicit strong DTH in TB-infected cattle.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Although the gamma interferon (IFN-␥) release assay (IGRA) showed higher specificity than the single intradermal skin test, the high price of this kit limits its use in developing countries such as China (9, 10). To overcome the drawbacks of the traditional diagnostic methods, scientists have focused on screening new M. bovis-specific antigens to substitute for PPD-B as stimuli in the skin test (11)(12)(13).Recent studies focused mainly on the development of skin test reagents to discriminate infected from vaccinated cattle (DIVA test), in which M. bovis-specific antigens, such as CFP10 and ESAT-6, were often selected as stimuli for the skin test (6,11,(14)(15)(16). Those antigens were located in RD1, deleted in M. bovis BCG strains, and could elicit strong DTH in TB-infected cattle.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Assessment of a Protein Cocktail-Based Skin Test for Bovine Tuberculosis in a Double-Blind Field Test in Cattle

Xin

Ding

et al. 2013

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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Bovine tuberculosis (bTB) is a worldwide zoonosis caused mainly by Mycobacterium bovis. The traditional diagnostic method used often is the tuberculin skin test, which uses bovine purified protein derivatives (PPD-B). However, it is difficult to maintain uniformity of PPD-B from batch to batch, and it shares common antigens with nonpathogenic environmental mycobacteria. To overcome these problems, M. bovis-specific antigens that showed good T cell stimulation, such as CFP-10, ESAT-6, Rv3615c, etc., have been used in the skin test, but there have been no large-scale clinical studies on these antigens. In this study, two combinations (CFP-10/ESAT-6/TB10.4 protein cocktail and CFP-10/ESAT-6/Rv3872/MPT63 protein cocktail) were developed and used as stimuli in the skin test. Cattle were double-blind tested to assess the efficiency of the protein cocktail-based skin tests. The results showed that the CFP-10/ESAT-6/TB10.4 protein cocktail-based skin test can differentiate TB-infected cattle from Mycobacterium avium-infected ones and that it shows a high degree of agreement with the traditional tuberculin skin test ( ‫؍‬ 0.8536) and gamma interferon (IFN-␥) release assay ( ‫؍‬ 0.8154). Compared to the tuberculin skin test, the relative sensitivity and relative specificity of the CFP-10/ESAT-6/TB10.4-based skin test were 87% and 97%, respectively., The relative sensitivity and relative specificity of the CFP-10/ESAT-6/TB10.4-based skin test were 93% and 92%, respectively, on comparison with the IFN-␥ release assay. The correlation between the increases in skin thickness observed after the inoculation of stimuli was high ( (1, 2). M. bovis mainly infects cattle, causing bovine tuberculosis (bTB), and occasionally affects other species of mammals (3). M. bovis can also infect humans through the inhalation of aerosols or the ingestion of unpasteurized dairy products (4, 5). The eradication of bovine tuberculosis is based on reliable diagnostic methods.The traditional diagnostic method of identifying bTB is the tuberculin skin test, which is based on the detection of delayedtype hypersensitivity (DTH) induced by bovine purified protein derivative (PPD-B). The tuberculin skin test has been used worldwide and is economical and easily applied. However, PPD-B is a poorly defined mixture of proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates obtained from a virulent M. bovis culture, the uniformity of which is difficult to maintain from batch to batch (6). Moreover, the use of virulent M. bovis during the production of PPD-B may potentially harm workers. Importantly, shared antigenic components in PPD-B and nonpathogenic environmental mycobacteria can reduce the specificity of the tuberculin skin test (7,8). Although the gamma interferon (IFN-␥) release assay (IGRA) showed higher specificity than the single intradermal skin test, the high price of this kit limits its use in developing countries such as China (9, 10). To overcome the drawbacks of the traditional diagnostic methods, scientists have focused on screening new M. bovis-specific antige...

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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confidence: 99%

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Assessment of a Protein Cocktail-Based Skin Test for Bovine Tuberculosis in a Double-Blind Field Test in Cattle

Xin

Ding

et al. 2013

Clin Vaccine Immunol

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“…Combinations of cell-mediated tests and serologic tests offer optimal sensitivity for diagnosis of bTB in most wildlife species (Lyashchenko et al 2008;Buddle et al 2009Buddle et al , 2010Chambers et al 2009;Drewe et al 2009), and that may apply to bison as well. Importantly, tests for differentiating infected from vaccinated animals were developed in cattle and could be adapted for use in free-ranging bison (Vordermeier et al 2009;Jones et al 2012;Waters et al 2012).…”

Section: Diagnostic Test Developmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

TUBERCULOSIS AND BRUCELLOSIS IN WOOD BISON (BISON BISON ATHABASCAE) IN NORTHERN CANADA: A RENEWED NEED TO DEVELOP OPTIONS FOR FUTURE MANAGEMENT

Shury

Nishi²,

Elkin

et al. 2015

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:Effective, long-term strategies to manage the threat of bovine tuberculosis and brucellosis spillback from northern, diseased bison to the Canadian cattle herd and adjacent disease-free wood bison (Bison bison athabascae) herds have eluded policy makers in recent decades. A controversial plan to depopulate infected herds and repopulate them with diseasefree wood bison was rejected in 1990 because of significant public concern. Since then, technical advances in vaccine technology, genetic salvage, selective culling, and diagnostic test development have occurred. Containment strategies to reduce further spread of these diseases are a necessary first step; recent progress has been made in this area, but challenges remain. This progress has produced more options for management of these herds in northern Canada, and it is time to consider wood bison conservation and long-term disease eradication as equally important goals that must satisfy concerns of conservation groups, agriculture sectors, aboriginal groups, and the general public. Management of wildlife disease reservoirs in other areas, including Yellowstone and Riding Mountain national parks, has demonstrated that effective disease management is possible. Although combinations of different strategies, including vaccination, genetic salvage techniques, and selective culling, that use sensitive and specific diagnostic tests may offer alternatives to depopulation/repopulation, they also have logistic constraints and cost implications that will need consideration in a multistakeholder, collaborative-management framework. We feel the time is right for this discussion, so a longterm solution to this problem can be applied.

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Immunity and Vaccination against Tuberculosis in Cattle

Parlane¹,

Buddle²

2015

Curr Clin Micro Rpt

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Bovine tuberculosis (TB) continues to be a major animal health problem worldwide and new tools are required for the control of this disease in cattle, particularly with the emergence of wildlife reservoirs for Mycobacterium bovis infection and potential restrictions on trade. New insights into the roles of macrophages, dendritic cells, NK cells, and CD4+, CD8+, and γδ T cells in control of M. bovis infection in cattle have provided a better understanding of protective immunity against this disease. In the past two decades, considerable progress has been made in the development and evaluation of TB vaccines for cattle, with new attenuated mycobacterial vaccines providing an alternative to the use of BCG vaccine and sub-unit vaccines to boost protection induced by BCG. With the development of tests to differentiate infected from vaccinated animals, it is now feasible to use vaccines to assist in the control of this disease.

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Improved Skin Test for Differential Diagnosis of Bovine Tuberculosis by the Addition of Rv3020c-Derived Peptides

Cited by 41 publications

References 22 publications

Assessment of a Protein Cocktail-Based Skin Test for Bovine Tuberculosis in a Double-Blind Field Test in Cattle

Assessment of a Protein Cocktail-Based Skin Test for Bovine Tuberculosis in a Double-Blind Field Test in Cattle

TUBERCULOSIS AND BRUCELLOSIS IN WOOD BISON (BISON BISON ATHABASCAE) IN NORTHERN CANADA: A RENEWED NEED TO DEVELOP OPTIONS FOR FUTURE MANAGEMENT

Immunity and Vaccination against Tuberculosis in Cattle

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