Improved solid-state conversion and piezoelectric properties of 90Na1/2Bi1/2TiO3-5BaTiO3-5K1/2Na1/2NbO3 single crystals

Solid state crystal growth of single crystals of 0.75(Na1/2Bi1/2)TiO3-0.25SrTiO3 and their characteristic electrical properties

“…As will be seen, the single crystals of NBT-25ST grown by solid state crystal growth are limited in thickness. In order to prepare larger NBT-25ST single crystals for measurement of the inverse piezoelectric properties, top-seeded solid state crystal growth experiments are carried out [47]. Details of these experiments, as well as details of the SEM and XRD analyses, are provided in the supplemental material.…”

Current status of solid-state single crystal growth

“…Along with that, they were able to demonstrate that the SSCG method was a prospective method for growth of NBT-BT-KNN single crystals with high performance, which could replace Pb(Zr,Ti) O 3 for actuator applications. In the same year, the aforementioned group of authors presented their results on NBT-BT-KNN single crystals by seeding with a SrTiO 3 single crystal [65]. They fabricated a highly dense NBT-BT-KNN single crystal with significant improvements in its piezoelectric properties, which were higher than that of any previously reported ceramics or single crystal.…”

(Bi0.5Na0.5)(Zr0.97W0.01Fe0.02)O3 doping effects on KNN‐based lead‐free ceramics prepared via two‐step sintering technique

“…In order to protect the environment, many laws and regulations were passed to restrict the use of PbO. Therefore, there has been a great desire to develop lead‐free piezoelectric materials that have performance comparable to the lead‐based piezoelectric materials in recent years 10,11 …”

“…10,11 Among versatile lead-free piezoelectric materials, perovskite lead-free piezoelectric ceramics have relatively excellent piezoelectric performance, and the preparation process is basically the same as the conventional lead-based ceramics, which is beneficial for industrial production. 10 Based on today's technology it is impossible to completely eliminate or replace lead, whereas feasible alternative lead-free solution is anticipated in the near future due to urgent pursuing. 11 Common perovskite structure lead-free piezoelectric materials mainly include three categories, that is, potassium sodium niobate (KNN-based), barium titanate (BT-based) and bismuth sodium titanate (BNT-based).…”