Improved synthesis of dietary triglycerides by using lipase supported on clay carriers

Abstract

Background: In the search for healthier and more functional foods, dietary triglycerides (TAGs) have played a prominent role in the food industry. The objective of this work was to evaluate new clay supports to immobilize lipase from Rhizopus oryzae and use it in the synthesis of TAGs. Main methods and major results:The immobilization of lipase by physical adsorption was carried out, determining the hydrolytic activity, esterification, immobilization yield, thermal stability, and kinetic and thermodynamic parameters. Afterwards, acidolysis was carried out and the product characterized as to composition, acidity index (AI), peroxide index (PI), and analysis of the sn-2 position. The mean hydrolytic activity of free lipase was 23,568.43 ± 559.20 U g −1 and for lipase immobilized in acidified kaolin and diatomite, 1409.04 ± 51.07 and 1235.67 ± 9.56 U g -1 ; immobilization yield of 23.78% and 20.21% and esterification activity of 1827.99 and 1722.66 U g -1 , respectively, maintaining more than 60% of the relative activity after 8 h of incubation at different temperatures. The reaction using the derivative immobilized in acidified diatomite resulted in the degree of incorporation (DI) 41.53% ± 3.99%. Conclusions and implications:From the results, the potential of diatomite and kaolin as support in the immobilization of lipase for the synthesis of dietary TAGs was verified.

Solvent-Free Enzymatic Synthesis of Dietary Triacylglycerols from Cottonseed Oil in a Fluidized Bed Reactor

“…Reactors such as FBR, high-pressure, and batch stirred tank (BSTR), associated with ultrasound or microwave treatment, can reduce reaction times and provide higher reaction yields given the improvement in heat and mass transfer [ 10 , 67 ]. The most widely used reactors for the production of structured lipids are batch stirred-tank reactors (BSTR) [ 9 , 32 , 68 ] and packed-bed reactors (PBR) [ 16 , 35 , 37 ]. These reactors have some limitations.…”

“…The synthesis of MLM triacylglycerols can be performed both in batch, where the batch stirred tank reactor (BSTR) stands out as the primary method [ 9 , 21 , 32 , 33 , 34 ], and continuous mode, where the packed-bed reactor (PBR) stands out [ 16 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Another reactor configuration that can be employed for MLM-structured lipid synthesis is fluidized bed reactors (FBRs); however, this is less explored in the current literature.…”

Enzyme engineering for functional lipids synthesis: recent advance and perspective

“…Despite substantial efforts in protein engineering aimed at modifying industrial enzyme catalysts, a gap persists between advancements at the laboratory level and large-scale production. In recent years, significant contributions to the field have been made by immobilization techniques for lipid-modifying enzymes (Ahrari et al 2022 ; Akil et al 2020 ; Enespa et al 2022 ; Martins et al 2022 ; Pacheco et al 2022 ; Verdasco-Martín et al 2018 ; Zhang et al 2022a ). Free enzymes show low operational stability, have high costs, and cannot be easily recovered or reused at the end of the reaction, hindering product separation (Almeida et al 2021 ).…”