Improved understanding of the sulfidization mechanism in cerussite flotation: An XPS, ToF-SIMS and FESEM investigation

Liu, Ruizeng; Liu, Dianwen; Li, Jialei; Liu, Siyan; Liu, Zhicheng; Gao, Lianqi; Jia, Xiaodong; Ao, Shunfu

doi:10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.124508

Cited by 49 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…In the spectrum of the unsulfidized smithsonite, neither S2s or S2p peaks are observed(Figure 4a). However, after an aqueous Na2S solution treatment, both S2s and S2p peaks appeared(Figure 4b-d), clearly showing that sulfidization had taken placed on the smithsonite surfaces[17].…”

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confidence: 98%

Improved Understanding of the Sulfidization Mechanism in Amine Flotation of Smithsonite: An XPS, AFM and UV–Vis DRS Study

Liu

Pei

Liu³

et al. 2020

Minerals

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Sulfidization is required in the amine flotation of smithsonite; however, the sulfidization mechanism of smithsonite is still not fully understood. In this work, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and UV–vis diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV–vis DRS) were used to characterize sulfidized and unsulfidized smithsonite. The XPS and UV–vis DRS analyses showed that smithsonite sulfidization is a transformation of ZnCO3 to ZnS on the smithsonite surfaces. However, this transformation is localized, resulting in the coexistence of ZnCO3 and ZnS or in the formation of ZnS island structures on the sulfidized smithsonite surfaces. AFM height imaging showed that sulfidization can substantially change the surface morphology of smithsonite; in addition, AFM phase imaging demonstrated that sulfidization occurs locally on the smithsonite surfaces. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that smithsonite sulfidization is clearly a heterogeneous solid–liquid reaction in which the solid product attaches at the surfaces of unreacted smithsonite. Smithsonite sulfidization involves heterogeneous nucleation and growth of ZnS nuclei. Moreover, the ZnS might nucleate and grow preferentially in the regions with high reactivity, which might account for the formation of ZnS island structures. In addition, sphalerite-structured ZnS is more likely to be the sulfidization product of smithsonite under flotation-relevantconditions, as also demonstrated by the results of our UV–vis DRS analyses. The results of this study can provide deeper insights into the sulfidization mechanism of smithsonite.

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confidence: 98%

Improved Understanding of the Sulfidization Mechanism in Amine Flotation of Smithsonite: An XPS, AFM and UV–Vis DRS Study

Liu

Pei

Liu³

et al. 2020

Minerals

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“…The significant surface polarity of cerussite is another characteristic of the mineral. The mineral becomes difficult to collect when it is introduced to the pulp because a thick and directionally densely packed hydration coating readily forms on its surface [ 6 , 8 , 12 ]. As a result, during the flotation of cerussite, its active sites must be replenished.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The surface of lead oxide minerals is more hydrophilic and soluble; therefore, it often needs to be pre-sulfidized with sulfidizing agents such as sodium sulfide for improving the adsorption of mineral particles by xanthate-type collectors. The sulfidization flotation process has been relatively well-established and widely used in production practice [ 6 , 7 , 8 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancement of Xanthate Adsorption on Cerussite Surfaces by Pb(II) Activation and Its Effect on Floatability

et al. 2023

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Cerussite is a lead oxide mineral resource that is typically enriched through sulfidization flotation. The surface sulfidation degree and the high solubility of cerussite strongly affect the flotation ability of cerussite. In the current work, lead ions were used to pretreat cerussite to intensify its sulfidization flotation. The sulfidization mechanism regulating the lead ions pretreatment on cerussite was investigated by the micro-flotation test, ToF-SIMS, zeta potential measurement, adsorption test, and XPS. The results from the micro-flotation test demonstrated that the floatability of cerussite could be improved by adding an appropriate amount of lead ions. Compared with the treatment involving only Na2S, the maximum recovery increased by 17.57%. Adsorption experiments showed that lead modification improved the stability of xanthate products on the surface of cerussite. According to the measurement of zeta potential and the results of ToF-SIMS, the addition of lead ion Pb pretreatment increased the number of active Pb sites adsorbed by xanthate, thereby improving the formation of hydrophobic Pb-dilute precipitate. Therefore, the interaction between lead ions and the surface of cerussite enhances the strength and stability of the hydrophobic layer, resulting in enhanced hydrophobicity of cerussite.

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“…For instance, Feng et al [73], employing XPS and DFT, investigated the sulfidization mechanism of cerussite by adsorbing a main hydrolyzate of sulfidizing reagents, a single HS − , on a cerussite ( 110) surface (see Figure 2a). Nevertheless, the experimental results confirmed that a PbS film formed on the cerussite surface, leading to changes in the coordination structure of the Pb atoms on the surface [74][75][76][77][78]. Therefore, to better reflect the actual surface structure of sulfidized cerussite, Tang et al [79] employed the density functional based tight binding (DFTB+) method to study the microscopic mechanism of cerussite flotation using the sulfidization-xanthate method.…”

Section: Lead Oxide Mineralsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of Quantum Chemistry in the Study of Flotation Reagents

Tang,

Chen,

Chen

et al. 2023

Minerals

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Flotation reagents are significant for modifying the interfacial characteristics of mineral grains to achieve the effective separation of minerals. Since the 1960s, when quantum chemistry was first introduced into the study of flotation reagents, many achievements have been made, although some controversial topics remain. The application of quantum chemistry in the research of flotation reagents for the separation of various minerals in the past decade is herein comprehensively and systematically reviewed. The main directions and gaps of current research are pointed out, the theoretical basis for the design and development of novel flotation reagents is summarized, and more importantly, the potential for the targeting design and development of efficient, selective, and environmentally friendly flotation reagent molecules by means of quantum chemistry is explored.

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Improved understanding of the sulfidization mechanism in cerussite flotation: An XPS, ToF-SIMS and FESEM investigation

Cited by 49 publications

References 28 publications

Improved Understanding of the Sulfidization Mechanism in Amine Flotation of Smithsonite: An XPS, AFM and UV–Vis DRS Study

Improved Understanding of the Sulfidization Mechanism in Amine Flotation of Smithsonite: An XPS, AFM and UV–Vis DRS Study

Enhancement of Xanthate Adsorption on Cerussite Surfaces by Pb(II) Activation and Its Effect on Floatability

Application of Quantum Chemistry in the Study of Flotation Reagents

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