Improved wavelet-based watermarking through pixel-wise masking

Barni, Mauro; Bartolini, Franco; Piva, Alessandro

doi:10.1109/83.918570

Cited by 828 publications

(476 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…In non-blind extraction, since the original copy of the host image is available as reference, the watermark data is usually embedded by directly altering the magnitude of wavelet coefficients [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16], which can be represented as follows:…”

Section: Watermarking Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Scalable watermark extraction for real-time authentication of JPEG 2000 images

Abhayaratne

Bhowmik

2011

J Real-Time Image Proc

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This paper proposes a novel scalable authentication scheme that utilizes the progressive enhancement functionality in JPEG 2000 scalable image coding. The proposed method first models the wavelet-based quality scalable coding to identify the effect of the quantization and de-quantization on wavelet coefficient magnitudes and the data embedded within such coefficients as a watermark. A relationship is then established between the watermark extraction rule and the embedding rule, using the magnitudes of the reconstructed and original coefficients. It ranks the wavelet coefficients according to their ability to retain the embedded watermark data intact under various quantization levels corresponding to quality enhancements. Then watermark data is embedded into wavelet coefficients according to their rank followed by JPEG 2000 embedded coding. At the decoder as more and more quality and resolution layers are decoded the authentication metric is improved, thus resulting in gradually increasing complexity of the authentication process according to the number of quality and resolution enhancements. The low complexity authentication is available at low quality low resolution decoding, enabling real-time authentication for resource constrained applications without affecting the authentication metric. Compared to the existing methods, the proposed method results in highly robust scalable authentication of JPEG 2000 coded images.

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Section: Watermarking Preliminariesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…16. For non-blind methods, we also compare the proposed model with another pixel masking model that uses the human visual system aspects for efficient wavelet-based watermarking [9]. For fair comparison, we use the same coefficient modification method for obtaining the results shown in all three plots in these figures.…”

Section: Performance Evaluationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Scalable watermark extraction for real-time authentication of JPEG 2000 images

Abhayaratne

Bhowmik

2011

J Real-Time Image Proc

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“…where N is the image width, M is the image height, I is the possibly watermarked image and w is the watermark sequence [22]. This correlation value is compared to a suitably selected threshold T and if the value of the correlation is greater than the threshold positive detection of the watermark is assumed.…”

Section: Watermark Embedding and Detectionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A detailed study of the generation of optically detectable watermarks using the logistic map

Mooney¹,

Keating²,

Heffernan³

2006

Chaos, Solitons & Fractals

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A digital watermark is a visible, or preferably invisible, identification code that is permanently embedded in digital media, to prove owner authentication and provide protection for documents. Given the interest in watermark generation using chaotic functions a detailed study of one chaotic function for this purpose is performed. In this paper, we present an approach for the generation of watermarks using the logistic map. Using this function, in conjunction with seed management, it is possible to generate chaotic sequences that may be used to create highpass or lowpass digital watermarks. In this paper we provide a detailed study on the generation of optically detectable watermarks and we provide some guidelines on successful chaotic watermark generation using the logistic map, and show using a recently published scheme, how care must be taken in the selection of the function seed.

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“…The use of perceptual shaping in data hiding improves performance in terms of lower perceptual distortion for fixed payload and robustness [2], [3]. This performance is due to the incorporation of how the human visual system processes visual stimuli by exploiting the image statistics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…They determined an upper bound for the quantization stepsize to remain imperceptible. Their ideas were adopted by Barni et al [3] in image-adaptive spread spectrum data hiding. Solanki et al [2] on the other hand presented an approach which was far less complex and tuned for JPEG compression.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Forensic data hiding optimized for JPEG 2000

Bardyn

Briffa

Dooms

et al. 2011

2011 IEEE International Symposium of Circuits and Systems (ISCAS)

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Abstract-This paper presents a novel image adaptive data hiding system using properties of the discrete wavelet transform and which is ready to use in combination with JPEG 2000. Image adaptive watermarking schemes determine the embedding samples and strength from the image statistics. We propose to use the energy of wavelet coefficients at high frequencies to measure the amount of distortion that can be tolerated by a lower frequency coefficient. The watermark decoder in image adaptive data hiding needs to estimate the same parameters used for encoding from a modified source and hence is vulnerable to desynchronization. We present a novel way to resolve these synchronization issues by employing specialized insertion, deletion and substitution codes. Given the low complexity and reduced perceptual impact of the embedding technique, it is suitable for inserting camera and/or projector information to facilitate image forensics.

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Improved wavelet-based watermarking through pixel-wise masking

Cited by 828 publications

References 25 publications

Scalable watermark extraction for real-time authentication of JPEG 2000 images

Scalable watermark extraction for real-time authentication of JPEG 2000 images

A detailed study of the generation of optically detectable watermarks using the logistic map

Forensic data hiding optimized for JPEG 2000

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