Improvement in lipid metabolism and stress tolerance of juvenile giant grouper,Epinephelus lanceolatus(Bloch), fed supplemental choline

Abstract

Six fish meal basal diets supplied with 0 (control), 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2.5 and 5 g kg À1 of choline chloride, resulting in choline levels of 2.57, 2.67, 2.94, 3.84, 4.99 and 7.71 g kg À1 , respectively, were fed to giant grouper, Epinephelus lanceolatus, for 56 and 30 days to evaluate the growth and lipid metabolism, and stress tolerance respectively. In the first trial, fish fed different levels of cholinecontaining diets for 56 days had no significant difference in weight gain, survival and feeding efficiency. Fish fed increased levels of dietary choline, however, tended to have decreases in the hepatic somatic index; lipids, triglycerides, and cholesterol in liver; and triglycerides and cholesterol in serum. A decrease of lipid content in dorsal muscle was recorded in fish fed the diets containing choline >2.94 g kg À1 . Additionally, dietary choline improved the reactions of fish to ammonia stress, including survival and behavioural responses, in fish fed diets containing choline levels >2.94 g kg À1 . These findings indicate that choline plays important roles in lipid metabolism and stress tolerance in giant grouper.

Dose–response relationship between dietary choline and lipid accumulation in pyloric enterocytes of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) in seawater

“…However, there were no apparent indications of reduced performance as a result of choline dose nor LMS, for which no significant differences on growth nor macronutrient digestibilities were observed. The present observation of choline not affecting growth is in agreement with some previous studies on adult Atlantic salmon (72) , channel catfish (7) and giant grouper (73) . However, in our previous study with large Atlantic salmon (3) and in several other studies with juveniles from different species (5,10,13,(74)(75)(76)(77) , increased growth with choline supplementation has been observed.…”

Effects of Different Dietary Carbohydrate/Lipid Ratios on Growth, Feed Utilization and Body Composition of Early Giant Grouper Epinephelus Lanceolatus Juveniles

“…Liver glycogen content in fish fed the CHO/L ratio of 1.25 or 1.88 was significantly higher than fish fed the CHO/L ratio of 0.13, 0. 4 [16] and lipid, respectively [17,18]. It was reported that fish larvae utilize dietary phospholipids more efficiently than neutral lipids [19] and have high requirements of phospholipids such as at least 9.5% for pikeperch larvae [20] and 6.95-8.51% for large yellow croaker larvae [21] so in this study, 10% of soy lecithin was supplemented to all experimental diets.…”

“…Giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus has been widely cultured in China in recent years due to its faster growth compared to other grouper species [16]. To date, available information on nutrition of Epinephelus lanceolatu is quite limited, with only one published study [16] evaluating effects of choline on lipid metabolism and stress tolerance of juvenile giant grouper.…”

“…To date, available information on nutrition of Epinephelus lanceolatu is quite limited, with only one published study [16] evaluating effects of choline on lipid metabolism and stress tolerance of juvenile giant grouper. The aim of this study was to determine effects of different dietary CHO/L ratios on growth, feed utilization and body composition of early giant grouper Epinephelus lanceolatus juveniles.…”

Growth, Metabolite, Antioxidative Capacity, Transcriptome, and the Metabolome Response to Dietary Choline Chloride in Pacific White Shrimp Litopenaeus vannamei

“…Total lipids in the liver and plasma significantly decreased in S. ocellatus fed a choline-free diet [1]. In contrast, the hepatosomatic lipid concentration and hepatopancreatic index are higher in choline-deficient P. monodon [9] and Epinephelus lanceolatus [12]. The whole-body crude protein is also higher in P. monodon fed given 4000 and 7000 mg/kg dietary choline [2].…”