Improvement of Collapsible Soil Conditions for Industrial Floors

Abstract

Unsaturated surface soils with porosities above 50% cover great extensions of areas in Midwest Brazil. Because of their large volumes of voids, these soils undergo great strain under loads. In addition, many of these soils are collapsible, i.e., when the soils are under load and in case of a significant increase in the moisture content or saturation of the soil, the structure collapses, thus producing unacceptable displacement values for the buildings. Because of these characteristics, problems often occur in industrial floors, pavements and other types of slabs on ground and shallow foundations. To solve this problem, compaction of the topsoil is performed before starting the construction. For this study, the soil characteristics are analyzed using both geotechnical laboratory tests and field tests in order to predict the soil behavior in terms of deformability, resistance and collapsibility. The study was conducted at the experimental site located at the State University of Campinas-Unicamp, in the municipality of Campinas, State of São Paulo, Brazil. The geotechnical properties of the subsoil were determined by collecting undisturbed samples down to 8 m in depth and deformed samples up to 9 m of depth (impenetrable). Simple recognition surveys were performed: standard penetration test (SPT) and electric static cone penetration test (CPT). The edometric tests conducted on undisturbed samples with flooding at different levels of stress revealed collapsible characteristics of the soil. With the conduction of tri-axial tests (CU), numerical values were obtained for the angle of friction and the cohesion intercepts for each depth. Paschoalin Filho (2008) verified a significant reduction in these values with soil saturation. The influence of soil deformability and of the type of load on industrial floors is analyzed. The results indicate huge influence of soil deformability in the case of distributed loads, and a minor influence in case of concentrated loads. The thickness of the compacted soil layer is very important to the definition of the modulus of subgrade reaction (k) for the studied soil.

Geotechnical Investigation of Osogbo-Iwo Road Collapsible Soil’s Clay Fraction and Improvement Using Bentonite

“…This makes the soil more compact and hence increases its strength. The denser the soil, the lesser its susceptibility to collapse [34][35][36]. From Figure 11-13, the Collapse Index for the untreated samples were found to range between 9-12 % and these fall under the "severe trouble" category according to [17] (Table 2).…”

A comparative study on the physical properties of natural sedimentary loess and manual filling compacted loess

“…As early as the 1930s, the Soviets rstly used compaction to improve the loess foundations (Abelev, 1939). Since World War II, it has been used in almost all countries for engineering construction on loess soils (Evstatiev, 1995;Fonte et al, 2018;Gao et al, 2004;Houston et al, 2001). The scale of these projects was generally not large, only involving a small amount of building foundations in most cases, and the thickness of compacted loess was generally no more than 10 meters.…”