Improvement of colonic healing and surgical recovery with perioperative supplementation of inulin and galacto-oligosaccharides

Hajjar, Roy; Oliero, Manon; Cuisiniere, Thibault; Fragoso, Gabriela; Calvé, Annie; Djediai, Souad; Annabi, Borhane; Richard, Carole; Santos, Manuela M.

doi:10.1016/j.clnu.2021.04.032

Cited by 17 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Real time PCR was performed using PowerUp™ SYBR™ Green Master Mix (Thermo Fisher) and the RG 3000A R (Qiagen, Québec, Canada) as described previously [ 81 ]. Primers used in the study are presented in Additional file 2 , Table 4.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure induces a deleterious recovery of the gut microbiota

et al. 2021

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Background Oral iron supplementation is commonly prescribed for anemia and may play an important role in the gut microbiota recovery of anemic individuals who received antibiotic treatment. This study aims to investigate the effects of iron supplementation on gut microbiota recovery after antibiotics exposure. Results Mice were subjected to oral antibiotic treatment with neomycin and metronidazole and were fed diets with different concentrations of iron. The composition of the gut microbiota was followed throughout treatment by 16S rRNA sequencing of DNA extracted from fecal samples. Gut microbiota functions were inferred using PICRUSt2, and short-chain fatty acid concentration in fecal samples was assessed by liquid-chromatography mass spectrometry. Iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure shifted the gut microbiota composition towards a Bacteroidetes phylum-dominant composition. At the genus level, the iron-supplemented diet induced an increase in the abundance of Parasutterella and Bacteroides, and a decrease of Bilophila and Akkermansia. Parasutterella excrementihominis, Bacteroides vulgatus, and Alistipes finegoldii, were more abundant with the iron excess diet. Iron-induced shifts in microbiota composition were accompanied by functional modifications, including an enhancement of the biosynthesis of primary bile acids, nitrogen metabolism, cyanoamino acid metabolism and pentose phosphate pathways. Recovery after antibiotic treatment increased propionate levels independent of luminal iron levels, whereas butyrate levels were diminished by excess iron. Conclusions Oral iron supplementation after antibiotic therapy in mice may lead to deleterious changes in the recovery of the gut microbiota. Our results have implications on the use of oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure and justify further studies on alternative treatments for anemia in these settings.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure induces a deleterious recovery of the gut microbiota

et al. 2021

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“…Since hydroxyproline is important in stabilizing the collagen in the anastomotic junction, this finding should be evaluated in further studies ( 32 ). Malnutrition and low protein levels have been evaluated as an influence in animal studies as well ( 33 ). It has also been shown in a retrospective study in humans that low albumin is associated with disturbances in anastomotic healing ( 34 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Predictors of Morbidity and Mortality After Colorectal Surgery in Patients With Cirrhotic Liver Disease–A Retrospective Analysis of 54 Cases at a Tertiary Care Center

et al. 2022

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BackgroundDespite various existing scores that predict morbidity and mortality of patients with cirrhotic liver disease (CLD), data on specific risk stratification of patients with CLD undergoing colorectal surgery (CRS) are rare. The aim of this study was to assess in-hospital morbidity and mortality of patients with liver cirrhosis scheduled for CRS, with specific focus on possible pitfalls of surgery in this special cohort.MethodsBetween 1996 and 2018, 54 patients with CLD undergoing CRS were identified and included in this study cohort. Postoperative morbidity and mortality were assessed using the Clavien/Dindo (C/D) classification as well as by type of complication. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed to analyze the predictive factors for increased postoperative morbidity.ResultsOf the patients, 37% patients died during the procedure or postoperatively. Major complications were seen in 23.1% of patients (>C/D IIIb). Patients with Child B or C cirrhosis as well as patients undergoing emergency surgery experienced significantly more major complications (p = 0.04 and p = 0.023, respectively). The most common complications were bleeding requiring blood transfusion (51.1%) and cardiocirculatory instability due to bleeding or sepsis (44.4%). In 53.7% of patients, an anastomosis was created without a protective ostomy. Anastomotic leakage occurred in 20.7% of these patients. Multivariate analysis showed that a primary anastomosis without a protective ostomy was the strongest risk factor for major complications (p = 0.042).DiscussionMorbidity and mortality after CRS in patients with CLD remains high and is not only influenced by liver function but also by surgical variables. Considering the high rate of anastomotic leakage, creating a protective or definitive ostomy must be considered with regard to the underlying pathology, the extent of CLD, and the patient's condition. Moreover, our data suggest that surgery in these most fragile patients should be performed only in experienced centers with immediate contact to hepatologists and experts in hemostasis.

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“…Several animal studies have shown that exogenous butyrate administration improves the healing of colonic anastomoses and enhances colonic anastomotic strength in rats (Rolandelli et al, 1997;Mathew et al, 2010;Bosmans et al, 2017). Besides, perioperative supplementation of inulin and galactooligosaccharides, which modulate the gut microbiota to increase the production of butyrate through enhancement of butyrate-producing bacteria, improve anastomotic healing and reinforce the gut barrier in mice (Hajjar et al, 2021). Moreover, SCFAs produced by gut microbiota may be a mechanism of intestinal resistance to colonization by P. aeruginosa, which has been identified as an AL-related pathogen (Levison, 1973;Williamson and Alverdy, 2021).…”

Section: Anastomotic Leakmentioning

confidence: 99%

The implication of gut microbiota in recovery from gastrointestinal surgery

Zheng

Tang

et al. 2023

Front. Cell. Infect. Microbiol.

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Recovery from gastrointestinal (GI) surgery is often interrupted by the unpredictable occurrence of postoperative complications, including infections, anastomotic leak, GI dysmotility, malabsorption, cancer development, and cancer recurrence, in which the implication of gut microbiota is beginning to emerge. Gut microbiota can be imbalanced before surgery due to the underlying disease and its treatment. The immediate preparations for GI surgery, including fasting, mechanical bowel cleaning, and antibiotic intervention, disrupt gut microbiota. Surgical removal of GI segments also perturbs gut microbiota due to GI tract reconstruction and epithelial barrier destruction. In return, the altered gut microbiota contributes to the occurrence of postoperative complications. Therefore, understanding how to balance the gut microbiota during the perioperative period is important for surgeons. We aim to overview the current knowledge to investigate the role of gut microbiota in recovery from GI surgery, focusing on the crosstalk between gut microbiota and host in the pathogenesis of postoperative complications. A comprehensive understanding of the postoperative response of the GI tract to the altered gut microbiota provides valuable cues for surgeons to preserve the beneficial functions and suppress the adverse effects of gut microbiota, which will help to enhance recovery from GI surgery.

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Improvement of colonic healing and surgical recovery with perioperative supplementation of inulin and galacto-oligosaccharides

Cited by 17 publications

References 43 publications

Oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure induces a deleterious recovery of the gut microbiota

Oral iron supplementation after antibiotic exposure induces a deleterious recovery of the gut microbiota

Predictors of Morbidity and Mortality After Colorectal Surgery in Patients With Cirrhotic Liver Disease–A Retrospective Analysis of 54 Cases at a Tertiary Care Center

The implication of gut microbiota in recovery from gastrointestinal surgery

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